Flashcards
Photography 1
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1three principal styles of filmrealism
classicism
formalism - 2realismRealism avoids and minimises the use of the structured scenes and tends to reproduce the objective reality. Film realism based majorly on the subject matter, that is captured without any changes in the form and includes transparent language, believable events and realistic figures. The example of the film realism can be news, documentaries, reality TV.
- 3classicismClassicism is the most common form of cinema, which can be categorized as something in between realism and formalism. Classical cinema focuses on the content of a story rather than special effects or the actual presentation of real life situations. Classicist films are less manipulated than formalist films and feature plausible elements at the same time. However, viewer entertainment is still central to classical cinema and characters are often played by famous actors.
- 4formalismFormalism can be found on the opposite side from realism on a spectrum of film styles. It differs from realism and classicism in terms of how the story is being shown or told by stylization and manipulation of the images. Unlike realism, formalism focuses on unnatural images and tries to portray the subjective experience of reality as seen by the director. Meaning is created by the form (how) of the shown pictures and not by the object (what) that is being depicted.
- 5six categories of film shots1.) extreme long shot
1.1.) establishing shot
2.) long shot
2.1.) deep focus
3.) full shot
4.) medium shot
4.1.) two-shot
4.2.) over-the-shoulder shot
5.) close-up
6.) extreme close-up - 6extreme long shottaken from great distance
exterior shot and shows much of the location
the included people appear small - 7establishing shotestablishing shot
o is often an extreme long shot
o establishes the scene
o serves as spatial frames of reference for the closer shots
o often found in epic films (westerns, war films, samurai films,…) - 8long shotLong Shot- the distance between the audience and the stage is like the distance in the live theatre.
- Within the long shot the closest you can get is full shot
- The most imprecise and complex shot - 9Deep FocusDeep focus
Captures objects at close, medium and long ranges and all of them in sharp focus. - 10full shotIncludes the body in full, from top to bottom
- 11medium shotCharacter is shown from the knees/waist upwards. It is a functional shot (i.e. a shot carrying no greater meaning) and it's used for exposition scenes, dialogue and for carrying movement.
- 12two-shotA variation of the medium shot, where two figures are (prominently) shown.
- 13over-the-shoulder shotA variation of the medium shot. Usually contains two figures, but only one is facing the camera. The other character is shown from the back. It is commonly used to emphasize the perspective of the one whose shoulder is shown, often creating empathy and identification.
- 14close-upThe close-up....
focuses on small objects or details and only shows little of the surroundings
is often used to give access to the emotions of a character
increases the significance of a particular object --> symbolic significance
example: you can see the whole face of a person - 15extreme close-ups a variation of the close-up shot
focuses even more on the details than the close-up shot
example: you can see just the eye of a person or another part of the face - 16five basic anglesbird's-eye view
high angle
eye-level shot
low angle
oblique angle
(-->point-of-view shot) - 17bird's-eye viewBird’s-eye view
Bird’s-eye view:
The camera is positioned above the subject matter, facing downward. In certain contexts, this angle can be highly expressive: they permit us to hover above a scene like all-powerful gods. The people photographed often seem vulnerable and insignificant. - 18high angleCamera is placed on high vantage point (e.g. a crane), floor usually visible alongside subject.
Can be used to provide general overview or make subject seem less significant or less powerful --> reduced importance
less extreme than birds-eye view - 19eye-level shotThis shot conveys a sense being inconspicuous and unmarked. They permit us to make up our own minds about what kind of people are being presented. They also tend to be the norm.
- 20low angle- Camera is placed below the subject -> heighten the importance of a subject
- indicates power and makes an entity seem more threatening
- often used to increase height of characters or objects
- used to speed up the motion - 21oblique angle-created through a lateral tilt of the camera
-suggests tension, transition and impending movement - 22point-of-view shotused to create the impression of being a character and seeing the scene from his/her perspective
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- CMA Flashcards on Photography 1, created by Lisza Neumeier on 25/11/2019.
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- Lisza Neumeier
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