2786517
Description
Flashcards by Harry Riley, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Harry Riley
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the group of cells which produce Insulin and Glucagon called? | Islets of Langerhans |
| Which type of cells produce Glucagon? | α Cells, these are larger than β cells. |
| Which type of cells produce insulin? | β Cells, these are smaller than α cells. |
| What methods does insulin use to lower blood glucose. | Increasing rate of absorption into cells. Increases rate of respiration. Increases glycogenesis Increases the conversion of glucose to fat |
| What methods does glucagon use to raise blood sugar levels? | Activates an enzyme which converts glycogen to glucose. Increasing the rate of gluconeogenesis. |
| What is gluconeogenesis? | The conversion of glycerol and amino acids into glucose. |
| What is glycogenesis? | The conversion of glucose into glycogen. |
| What is glucagon? | A hormone produced by the α cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas which bring round effects which increase the level of glucose in the blood. |
| What is insulin? | A hormone produced in the β cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas which bring round effects which lower the level of glucose in the blood. |
| What is the secondary messenger model? | A mechanism which uses two hormones to regulate a process such as blood glucose. The first hormone binds a receptor site which activates an enzyme to convert ATP into Cyclic AMP which acts as the secondary messenger which activates another enzyme to breakdown Glycogen into glucose. |
| Which type of diabetes is insulin independent? | Type 2. This type of diabetes is usually down to the glycoprotein receptors on body cells becoming less responsive to insulin. |
| Which type of diabetes is insulin dependent? | Type 1. This type is down to the body being unable to produce insulin which could be down to an autoimmune response. |
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