Flashcards
Chapter 3 Flashcards
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1Appetitive ConditioningConditioning procedure in which the US is an event that an organism approaches or seeks out.
- 2Aversive ConditioningConditioning procedure in which the US is an event that an organism avoids.
- 3Backward ConditioningConditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS follows the onset of the US.
- 4Classical conditioningA process whereby one stimulus that does not elicit a certain response is associated with a second stimulus that does; as a result, the first stimulus also comes to elicit a response
- 5Conditioned Response (CR)The response, often similar to the unconditioned response, that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus.
- 6Conditioned Stimulus (CS)Any stimulus that, although initially neutral, comes to elicit a response because it has been associated with an unconditioned stimulus.
- 7Delayed conditioningConditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS precedes the onset of the US, and the two stimuli overlap.
- 8DishabitutationThe reappearance of a habituated response to a stimulus following the presentation of another, seemingly irrelevant novel stimulus
- 9Excitatory conditioningConditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the presentation of a US.
- 10Fixed action patternA fixed sequence of responses elicited by a specific stimulus.
- 11Flexion responseThe automatic response of jerking one's hand or foot away from a hot or sharp object
- 12HabituationA decrease in the strength of an elicited behavior following repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus.
- 13Inhibitory conditioningConditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the absence or removal of a US
- 14opponent-process theoryA theory proposing that an emotional event elicits two competing processes: 1. an a-process (or primary process) directly elicited by the event, and 2. a b-process (or opponent process) that is elicited by the a-process and serves to counteract the a-process.
- 15Orienting responseThe automatic positioning of oneself to facilitate attending to a stimulus
- 16ReflexA relatively simple, involuntary response to a stimulus
- 17Reflex arcA neural structure that underlies many reflexes and consists of a sensory neuron, an interneuron, and a motor neuron.
- 18SensitizationAn increase in the strength of an elicited response following repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus.
- 19Sign stimulus (or releaser)A specific stimulus that elicits a fixed action pattern.
- 20Simultaneous conditioningConditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS and the onset of the US are simultaneous.
- 21Startle responseA defensive reaction to a sudden, unexpected stimulus, which involves automatic tightening of skeletal muscles and various hormonal and visceral changes.
- 22Trace conditioningConditioning procedure in which the onset and offset of the NS precede the onset of the US.
- 23Unconditioned response (UR)The response that is naturally elicited by the unconditioned stimulus without any prior learning.
- 24Unconditioned stimulus (US)A stimulus that naturally elicits a response without any prior learning.
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- Learning Psychology Flashcards on Chapter 3 Flashcards, created by Matt Ikei on 30/05/2015.
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