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Flashcards

Computer Science

Doug Lemons Computer Studies GRE English 50 cards

Cards in this deck (50)

  1. 1W.A.NWide Area Network- a telecommunications network that extends over a large geographic area for the primary purpose of computer networking
  2. 2L.A.NLocal Area Network - is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building.
  3. 3P.A.NPersonal Area Network - is a computer network for interconnecting electronic devices centered on an individual person's workspace. A PAN provides data transmission among devices such as computers, smartphones, tablets and personal digital assistants
  4. 4W.L.A.NWireless Network Technology - ex. Wi-Fi. Typically seen in the same types of applications as LANs, these types of networks don’t require that devices rely on physical cables to connect to the network.
  5. 5C.A.NCampus Area Network - an interconnection of local area networks within a limited geographical area.
  6. 6M.A.NMetropolitan Area Network - is a computer network that interconnects users with computer resources in a geographic region of the size of a metropolitan area
  7. 7V.P.NVirtual Private Network extends a private network across a public network and enables users to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if their computing devices were directly connected to the private network
  8. 8RAID 0 (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)(also known as a stripe set or striped volume) splits ("stripes") data evenly across two or more disks, without parity information, redundancy, or fault tolerance. Since RAID 0 provides no fault tolerance or redundancy, the failure of one drive will cause the entire array to fail.
  9. 9RAID 1 (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)an exact copy (or mirror) of a set of data on two or more disks; a classic RAID 1 mirrored pair contains two disks. This configuration offers no parity, striping, or spanning of disk space across multiple disks, since the data is mirrored on all disks belonging to the array, and the array can only be as big as the smallest member disk
  10. 10RAID 3 (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)which is rarely used in practice, consists of byte-level striping with a dedicated parity disk. One of the characteristics of RAID 3 is that it generally cannot service multiple requests simultaneously
  11. 11RAID 4 (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)consists of block-level striping with a dedicated parity disk. As a result of its layout, RAID 4 provides good performance of random reads, while the performance of random writes is low due to the need to write all parity data to a single disk
  12. 12RAID 5 (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)consists of block-level striping with distributed parity, parity information is distributed among the drives. It requires that all drives but one be present to operate. Upon failure of a single drive, subsequent reads can be calculated from the distributed parity such that no data is lost. RAID 5 requires at least three disks
  13. 13RAID 6 (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)RAID 6 extends RAID 5 by adding another parity block; thus, it uses block-level striping with two parity blocks distributed across all member disks.
  14. 14B.I.O.SBasic Input Output System - firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process, and to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs.
  15. 15R.A.MRandom-Access Memory - is a form of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code
  16. 16MotherBoardthe main printed circuit board in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals
  17. 17Dynamic I.P.an IP address that an ISP lets you use temporarily. If a dynamic address is not in use, it can be automatically assigned to a different device. Dynamic IP addresses are assigned using either DHCP or PPPoE
  18. 18I.S.PInternet Service Provider is an organization that provides a myriad of services for accessing, using, or participating in the Internet.
  19. 19Static I.P.When a device is assigned a static IP address, the address does not change. Most devices use dynamic IP addresses, which are assigned by the network when they connect
  20. 20I.P AdrressInternet Protocol Address - a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. An IP address serves two main functions: host or network interface identification and location addressing
  21. 21S.S.I.D.Service Set Identifier - is a unique ID that consists of 32 characters and is used for naming wireless networks
  22. 2232 - bitcomputer architecture, 32-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 32 bits wide. Also, 32-bit CPU and ALU architectures are those that are based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size
  23. 2364- bitcomputer architecture, 64-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 64 bits wide. Also, 64-bit central processing unit and arithmetic logic unit architectures are those that are based on processor registers, address buses, or data buses of that size
  24. 24T.C.P/I.PTransmission Control Protocol \ Internet Protocol - set of communications protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks
  25. 25I.P.v4Internet Protocol Version 4 - core protocols of standards-based internetworking methods in the Internet and other packet-switched networks
  26. 26I.P.v.6Internet Protocol Version 6 - most recent version of the Internet Protocol, the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet
  27. 27Subnet Masksubnet mask splits the IP address into the host and network addresses, thereby defining which part of the IP address belongs to the device and which part belongs to the network.
  28. 28D.H.C.PDynamic Host Configuration Protocol - is a network management protocol used to automate the process of configuring devices on IP networks, thus allowing them to use network services such as DNS, NTP, and any communication protocol based on UDP or TCP
  29. 29D.N.SDomain Name System - the phonebook of the Internet. Humans access information online through domain names, like nytimes.com or espn.com. Web browsers interact through Internet Protocol addresses. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so browsers can load Internet resources
  30. 30N.T.P.Network Time Protocol - is a protocol used to synchronize computer clocks across multiple systems. It supports synchronization over local area networks and the Internet.
  31. 31U.D.PUser Datagram Protocol – a communications protocol that facilitates the exchange of messages between computing devices in a network. It's an alternative to the transmission control protocol (TCP).
  32. 32T.C.PTransmission Control Protocol – a connection-oriented communications protocol that facilitates the exchange of messages between computing devices in a network.
  33. 33Default GatewayDefault Gateway - is the node in a computer network using the internet protocol suite that serves as the forwarding host to other networks when no other route specification matches the destination IP address of a packet
  34. 34N.I.CNetwork Interface controller is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network
  35. 35Windows - Device MangerDevice Manager is a Control Panel applet in Microsoft Windows operating systems. It allows users to view and control the hardware attached to the computer.
  36. 36Windows - Control PanelControl Panel is a component of Microsoft Windows that provides the ability to view and change system settings. It consists of a set of applets that include adding or removing hardware and software, controlling user accounts, changing accessibility options, and accessing networking settings.
  37. 37Ethernet Speeds10mbps, 100 mbps, (fast ethernet) 1gbps, 10 gbps
  38. 38B.I.TBinary Digit - basic unit of information in computing. It is short for binary digit, which means that it can only have one of two values, 0 or 1. Large denominations of computer memory are composed of bits, moving up through bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes
  39. 39Kilobytea unit of memory or data equal to 1,024 bytes
  40. 40Megabytea unit of memory or data equal to 1million bytes
  41. 41Gigabytea unit of memory or data equal to 1 billion bytes
  42. 42Terabytea unit of memory or data equal to 8 million bytes
  43. 43Full DuplexFull Duplex - is a type of communication in which data can flow two ways at the same time. Full duplex devices, therefore, can communicate back and forth simultaneously
  44. 44Half DuplexHalf-duplex devices can only transmit in one direction at one time. With half-duplex mode, data can move in two directions, but not at the same time.
  45. 45(Device) DriverA driver, or device driver, is a set of files that tells a piece of hardware how to function by communicating with a computer's operating system
  46. 46Virtual MachineVirtual Machine is the virtualization/emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures and provide functionality of a physical computer
  47. 47S.O.H.OSmall office \ Home Office
  48. 48L.T.E.Long-Term Evolution - a standard for wireless broadband communication for mobile devices and data terminals, based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA technologies. It increases the capacity and speed using a different radio interface together with core network improvements
  49. 49S.I.M.Subscriber Identification Module - an integrated circuit that is intended to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and its related key, which are used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile telephone devices
  50. 50RouterRouter - a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet. Data sent through the internet, such as a web page or email, is in the form of data packets

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GRE Computer Studies Flashcards on Computer Science, created by Doug Lemons on 03/02/2021.
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Doug Lemons
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