Flashcards

Evolution

bailey1997 Anatomy University English 11 cards

Cards in this deck (11)

1Socioecologystudying how the social system evolves in response to ecological conditions
how social & physical environment affects behaviour
2Behavioural Ecologystudying the relationship of distribution, morphology, behaviour and social organisation of habitats
3Analogous Featuressimilar features that evolved independantly but have similar functions and therefore similar structures
similarity based on function
e.g. bird's wing + bat's wing
4Homologous Featuressimilarity based on ancestry
similar features that evolved from common ancestry and therefore share similar structure
e.g. bird's wing + human hand bones
5Vestigial Featuresgenetically determined structures that have lost their ancestral function but are still retained through evolution
e.g. human appendix
6Atavistic Featuresthe return or partial return of features that were common in ancestors
e.g. modern horses with extra toes
7Cladogenesisevolutionary splitting where a parent species splits into two distinct species
8Anagenesisevolution of species involving change in a lineage over time without speciation
9Convergent Evolutionseparate lineages that were quite different but became similar due to similar lifestyles
10Homoplasywhen ancestrally unrelated structures look alike
e.g. leaf insect + leaf
11Phylogenetic constraint'basic body plan' of a species which cannot be altered by evolution
can be modified but never completely changed