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| Question | Answer |
| The Middle Classes | They are more likely to attend church services than the working classes. |
| The Catholic Church | Is the exception and attracts more working class participation |
| Functionalism | - Social classes are not being exploited by religion - Religion helps the working class because: - It helps establish a collective conscience(Durkheim) - It helps people through life crises(Malinowski) - It helps them to understand the unexplainable.(Parsons |
| Marxism | - Religion is used by the bourgeoisie to control the proletariat - It is the 'opiate of the people' and dulls the pain of oppression (Marx) - It offers the prospect of a better afterlife by making a virtue of suffering (Engels) |
| Neo-Marxism | - Religion is not only used to control the working class - It can be used to force social change through revolution (Maduro) E.g. Che Guevara used religion to gain equality for the proletariat |
| Weber | Predestination- working hard would help secure their place in heaven (Calvinism) Protestant Work Ethic- provides meaning for doing hard work on earth, as they were told they would get a reward in heaven. |
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