30109510
Description
Flashcards by Malachy Moran-Tun, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Malachy Moran-Tun
about 3 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are some Examples of Crime in Saxon England? | > Stealing > Murder > Drinking too much (drunk and disorderly) > Insulting your neighbour > Ploughing someone else's land > etc. |
| What were Tithings? | > Group of 10 men over 12 > Each responsible for eachother's behaviour > If one broke the law, the other members were responsible in bringing him to court or the whole tithing would be fined |
| What was the Hue and Cry? | > Form of collective responsibility > Someone witnessing / the victim of the crime was expected to call the hue and cry > Entire village had to stop what they were doing if it was called > All join to catch the criminal > If someone did not join the hue and cry, the whole village would be fined |
| What were Parish Constables? | > Local men > Duty of making sure law and order was followed in the village > Unpaid |
| What was Trial by Local Jury? | > Form of trial > Accused would be judged by 10 men from the local community (would have known eachother) > Jury hears the victim and accused story > If the accused was found guilty, the jury would swear an oath of compurgation, establishing the guilt |
| What was Trial by Ordeal? | > Believed that God could be asked to decide whether a person was innocent or guilty - Trial by Hot Iron - > Accused was made to walk down the middle of a Church holding a red-hot iron > If the wound was healing cleanly after 3 days, they were innocent, if not, they were guilty - Trial by Hot Water- > Accused made to put their hand in a pot of boiling water (to pick something from the bottom) > Wound investigated like Trial by Hot Iron - Trial by Cold Water - > Tied with a rope and lowered into cold water > Sank: innocent; floated: guilty (rejected by God) - Trial by Blessed Bread - > For priests only > Another priest prayed that if the accused chocked on blessed bread, he was guilty |
| What was the Wergild? | > System of fines for different crimes > Physical injury, where each body part harmed had a specific cost (e.g. a broken arm = 6 shillings) > Powerful members in society were protected with higher fines (e.g. killing a nobleman = 300 shillings, 200 more than a freeman) > Paid to the victim / family |
| What was Capital Punishment? | > Death Penalty > Used for serious crimes > Treason / Betraying your Lord could lead to execution |
| What was Corporal Punishment? | > Maiming or physically harming someone who had committed a crime > Usually used if the criminal had already previously committed a crime |
| What was Public Humiliation? | > Punishment for minor crimes > Included the stocks and pillory > More practical as usually everyone in a town was integral to the community |
| What was an Outlaw? | > Someone who failed to attend their trial > Could be killed without any punishment |
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