Flashcards
Atomic Structure and the periodic table
Cards in this deck (59)
- 1what is a compound2 or more elements that are chemically bonded together
- 2on the periodic table what is the larger number that is placed below the symbol calledmass number
- 3on the periodic table what is the smaller number that is placed below the symbol calledatomic number
- 4nucleus is made up of...protons and neutrons
- 5how do u find the number of protons in an elementlook at the atomic number
- 6how do u find the number of electrons in an elementlook at the atomic number
- 7how do you find the number of neutrons in an elementmass number - the atomic number
- 8how do you balance equationscount the number of things and then add big numbers to the front to make everything equal
- 9carbon dioxideCO2
- 10waterH2O
- 11oxygen gasO2
- 12hydrogen gasH2
- 13nitrogen gasN2
- 14ammoniaNH3
- 15hydrochloric acidHCl
- 16sulfuric acidH2SO4
- 17mixturelots of different things, some chemically bonded, some not
- 18distillationseparating things off by boiling point, have to have different boiling points
- 19evaporationremove the liquid and leave solids that have been dissolved in the liquid in the dish
- 20filtrationlarge particles of solid in a liquid, the solids will get caught by the filtration paper when the liquid drips through
- 21plum pudding model has...a cloud of positive charge and negative electrons dotted throughout
- 22what did the Rutherford and marsdon experiment concludethat an atom has a positively charged center and a large section all around that is negatively charged
- 23Rutherford discovered...nucleus and protons
- 24Chadwick discovered...neutrons
- 25bohr is..our current model
- 26groups tell us..the number of electrons on the outer shell
- 27periods relate to...the number of shells that thing has
- 281st shell can hold...2 electrons
- 292nd shell can hold...8 electrons
- 303rd shell can hold8 electrons
- 31when elements become ions...they loose electrons meaning they have a positive charge/ they gain electrons meaning they have a negative charge
- 32do metals loose or gain electronsloose
- 33do non-metals loose or gain electronsgain
- 34group 1 isalkali metals
- 35groups 2 isalkali earth metals
- 36group 7 arethe halogens
- 37group 8 arethe nobal gases
- 38middle section arethe transition metals
- 39Mendeleev arranged thingsby mass, he left gaps, groups with similar patterns, he could predict properties of element yet to be discovered
- 40nobel gasses havea full outer shell, they don't need to gain or loose electrons so are unreactive
- 41nobel gasses can be used inballoons, neon lights
- 42halogens arenon-metals, diatomic molecules (add a little 2, in pairs), highly reactive
- 43halogens, theyshare electrons
- 44halogens are ordered bymost reactive at the top, lowest boiling point at the top, vice versa
- 45when halogens react they...gain an electron, meaning they form -1 ions = reduction
- 46halogens react highly withgroup one metals because they want to loose an electron
- 47if an element is more reactive...it displaces the less reactive element. this is a displacement reaction
- 48halogens are mostly used for...sterilizing things
- 49alkali metals react violently with...water, flames can be shown
- 50properties of alkali metals aresoft grey metals, easily cutable, kept in oil so it doesn't react with oxygen or water in the air
- 51metal + oxygen =metal oxide
- 52metal + water =metal hydroxide, exothermic reaction, releases lost of heat and releases hydrogen gas
- 53alkali metals are ordered asleast reactive at the top, high melting point at the top
- 54transition metal properties...hard, shiny and good conductors
- 55transition metals are used in...jewelry, wires, source pans
- 56transition metal colours...copper = blue, iron 2 = light green, iron 3 = orangery brown, cobalt = deep rich blue
- 57an ion is?an atom or group of atoms that have lost or gained electrons
- 58elements is...atoms with the same number of protons
- 59isotopes havesame number of protons but different number of neutrons
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- GCSE Chemistry Flashcards on Atomic Structure and the periodic table, created by Hannah Allen on 15/05/2021.
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- Hannah Allen
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