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| Question | Answer |
| Menses/ Menstruation | when the endometrial lining deteriorates and flows out of the body |
| Menarche | woman's first menstrual cycle usually occurs 11-15 years old |
| Amenorrhea | absence of menstrual flow |
| Dysmenorrhea | difficult or painful mestruation |
| Menorrhagia | excessive menstrual flow, number of days of flow, or both |
| Metrirrhagia | periods of bleeding between the regular monthly flow |
| Menorrhalgia | synonymous with dysmenrrohea; pelvic pain during menstruation, may be indicative of endometriosis |
| Menopause | defined earlier as cessation of menses, occurs around the age of 52, but can occur anytime after the age of 40 |
| Phase 1: Perimenopause | when estrogen production by the ovaries gradually decreases normally lasts from one to two years, at which time estrogen production is greatly decreased many women will experience symptoms |
| Phase 2: Menopause | it is the complete cessation of menstrual flow. Ovaries have now stopped producing almost all estrogen, and stopped releasing eggs. diagnoses when a female had not menstruated in 12 months |
| Phase 3: Postmenopause | includes all the years after menopause usually all symptoms will stop, but other health risk related to loss of estrogen will continue to increase with natural aging |
| Symptoms of Menopause | -hot flashes -joint and muscle pain -vaginal dryness -bladder control problems -fatigue -mood swings -insomnia -decrease in concentration -depression -irritabilty |
| Health Issues Related to Menopause | -poor bowel and bladder infection -heart disease -poor brain function risk of Alzheimer's disease -osteoporosis -increased wrinkling of the skin -gingivitis and gum recession -loss of muscle tone and power -vision problems |
| Hormone Replacement Therapy | (HRT) used with perimenopausal and postmenopausal women treats or prevents osteoporosis |
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