3415947
Description
Flashcards by freya.bellack, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by freya.bellack
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| How thick is the crust | 16km-60km |
| The lithosphere consists of what? | continental crust and the oceanic crust |
| Name two features of continental crust | Made of granite Physical state is solid |
| Name two features of oceanic crust? | Made of Basalt Physical state is solid |
| What temperature is the core? | 4000-5000 degrees |
| How do convection currents cause plate movement | 1. The core heats the molten rock in the mantle to create a convection current. 2. Heated rock from the mantle rises to the Earth's surface. 3. At the surface the convection current moves the tectonic plates in the crust. 4. Molten rock cools and flows back to the core to be reheated. |
| What happens when two plates are pulled apart? | A new crust is created |
| What is a hotspot | Heat rising as columns |
| what does subduction used to describe in plate movement | when the oceanic plate sinks beneath the continental plate because it's denser |
| name the four plate boundaries | destructive constructive conservative collision |
| why would a developing country that suffers from an earthquake result in more deaths than a developed country? | because it would have less money to build earthquake proof buildings than developed countries resulting in more people killed. |
| the impact of a hazard depends on | the size of the even vulnerability of population how prepared they are |
| what generate earthquakes? | volcanic eruptions as well as conservative plate boundaries |
| where can some volcanoes be found? | at hotspots |
| shield volcano characteristics | - found on constructive plate boundaries - thin runny lava - gently sloping sides - contains basaltic magma - frequent - non violent |
| strato volcano characteristics | - found on destructive plate boundaries - viscous sticky lava - steep sides - contains andesitic magma - infrequent - violent |
| what measures the strength of the volcano | magnitude |
| what does the Richter scale measure | the amount of energy released |
| what measures the effects of the volcano? | mercalli scale |
| why do some volcanoes cause more damage than others? | it all depends on the time of day, the vulnerability of the area economically and environmentally. the population density and severity of the eruption also contribute |
| why are natural hazards difficult to predict? | because we don't know when they will happen, how big they may be, whereabouts it will take place. |
| what can help us predict them? | volcanoes swelling increase in gas emissions animals moving away from the area increase in soil temperature |
| list three things needed after a natural hazard occurs? | volunteers clean water medical help |
| 5 ways to strengthen a building? | - rubber and steel foundations - cross bracing - deeper foundations - strong framework - strengthen walls |
| one way a developing country may strengthen a building differently? | add timber diagonal braces which reduce movement |
| an example of an earthquake? | Haiti 2010 7.0 magnitude |
| primary impacts of the Haiti earthquake? | - people trapped under rubble - phone lines down - streets blocked from collapsed buildings - powerlines down |
| why were the immediate responses to the earthquake so slow | because it is a very poor country and the relief effort was uncoordinated |
| another volcano example | montserrat volcano 1995 |
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