Flashcards
vocab words
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1Atomic orbitalin chemistry and physics, a mathematical expression, called a wave function, describes properties characteristic of no more than two electrons in the vicinity of an atomic nucleus or a system of nuclei as in a molecule.
- 2Aufbau PrincipleThe Aufbau principle says that the arrangement of electrons in an atom - the electron configuration - is best understood if it is built from the ground up.
'Aufbauprinzip' is a German noun; it means 'construction principle.' - 3Electronsa very small particle that has a negative charge of electricity and travels around the nucleus of an atom.
- 4Electron Configurationthe arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom or molecule
For example, the electron configuration of sodium is 1s22s22p63s1 - 5Hund’s Ruleevery orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.
- 6IonsAn ion is a particle, atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of the electron is considered negative by convention. The negative charge of an electron is equal and opposite to charged proton considered positive by convention.
- 7IsoelectronicIsoelectronicity is a phenomenon observed when two or more molecules have the same structure and the same electronic configurations, but differ by what specific elements are at certain locations in the structure. For example, CO, NO⁺ , and N ₂ are isoelectronic, while CH ₃COCH ₃ and CH ₃N=NCH ₃ are not.
- 8Noble Gas AbbreviationA Noble Gas is a group of elements that in their standard state have a filled electron cloud. These elements are found in the 18th column of the periodic table and include Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe) and Radon (Rn).
- 9Octet RuleThe octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main-group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas
- 10Orbital NotationOrbital notation is a way of writing an electron configuration to provide more specific information about the electrons in an atom of an element. Orbital notation can be used to determine the quantum numbers of an electron
- 11Pauli Exclusion PrincipleThe Pauli exclusion principle is the quantum mechanical principle which states that two or more identical fermions cannot occupy the same quantum state within a quantum system simultaneously
- 12Principal Energy LevelIn chemistry, the principal energy level of an electron refers to the shell or orbital in which the electron is located relative to the atom's nucleus. This level is denoted by the principal quantum number n. The first element in a period of the periodic table introduces a new principal energy level.
- 13Quantum Mechanical Modelquantum mechanical model: A model of the atom that derives from the Schrödinger wave equation and deals with probabilities. wave function: Give only the probability of finding an electron at a given point around the nucleus.
- 14SublevelA sublevel is an energy level defined by quantum theory. In chemistry, sublevels refer to energies associated with electrons. In physics, sublevels may also refer to energies associated with the nucleus.
- 15Valence ElectronsIn chemistry and physics, a valence electron is an electron in the outer shell associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed; in a single covalent bond, both atoms in the bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair.
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- 10th grade Chemistry Flashcards on vocab words , created by Ana Enriquez on 30/10/2021.
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