364152
Description
Flashcards by sherriewallace31, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by sherriewallace31
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| is a physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails | Dermatologist |
| How many years of school does it take to become a dermatologist? | 12 years |
| What are cosmetologist allowed to do? | clean skin, preserve the health of skin, and beautify the skin, depending on the laws and regulations of their state |
| some one who specializes in the cleansing, beautification, and preservation of the health of skin on the entire body, including the face and neck | Esthetician |
| What is the largest organ of the body? | The skin |
| if it were stretched out, how many square inches would the skin cover? | 3,000 |
| About how much would the entire skin of the body weigh? | 6 to 9 lbs. |
| What does the skin protect? | the network of muscles, bones, nerves, blood vessels, and everything else inside our bodies |
| What is free of any visible signs of disease, infection, or injury; is slightly moist, soft, and flexible; has smooth, fine-grained texture | Healthy skin |
| What does the appendages of the skin include? | hair, nails, and sudoriferous (sweat) and sebaciaous (oil) glands. |
| What does continued, repeated pressure on any part of the skin cause? | Callus |
| Why are callus' important? | because they are a protective layrer that prevents damage to the underlying skin |
| What are the two main divisons of the skin? | epidermis and dermis |
| is the outermost and thinnest layer of the skin; it contains no blood vessels, but has many small nerve endings | Epidermis |
| How many layers is the epidermis made of? | 5 layers |
| aka: horny layer, is the outer layer of the epidermins; this is the layer we see when we look at the skin | Stratum corneum |
| Cells are made up of this; a fibrous protein that is also the principal component of hair and nails. | Keratin |
| is the clear, transparent layer under the stratum corneum; it consists of small cells through which light can pass | stratum lucidum |
| aka: granular layer; is the layer of the epidermis that is composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin; these cells die as they are pushed to the surface to preplace dead cells that are shed from the stratum corneum | Stratum granulosum |
| is the spiny layer just above the stratum germinativum; where the process fo skin cell shedding begins | stratum spinosum |
| aka: basal cell layer; is the deepest layer of the epidermis; this is the live layer that produces new epidermal skin cells and is responsible for the growth of the epidermis | Stratum germinativum |
| special cells which produce the dark skin pigment called melanin | Melanocytes |
| aka: derma, corium, cutis, or true skin; is the underlying or inner layer of the skin | Dermis |
| small involuntary muscules in the base fo the hair that cause goose flesh---or goose bumps | Arrector pili muscles |
| What two layers is the dermis comprised of? | superficial layer and reticular(deeper layer) |
| is the outer layer fo the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis; here you will find the dermal papillae | Papillary layer |
| are small, cone-shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles; some contain looped capillaries, and others contain small epidermal structures called tactile corpuscles | Dermal papillae |
| small epidermal structures with nerve endings that are sensitive to the touch and pressure | tactile corpuscles |
| The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis is called: | epidermal--dermal junction |
| is the deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with all of its oxygen and nutrients | reticular layer |
| aka: adipose tissue or subcutis tissue; is the fatty tissue found below the dermis; gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fats for use as energy, and also acts as a protective cushion for the skin. | Subcutaneous tissue |
| what nutrients are necesary for cell life, repair, and growth? | protien, carbohydrates, and fats |
| the clear fluids of the body that bathe the skin cells, remove toxins and cellular waste, and have immune functions that help protect the skin and body against disease | Lymph |
| are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attached to the hair follicles; they carry impulses from the brain to the muscles | Motor nerve fibers |
| react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain; they send messages to the brain | Sensory nerve fibers |
| Nerve fibers that are distributed to the sudoriferous (sweat) and sebacieous (oil) glands of the skin | secretory nerve fibers |
| which layer of the dermis houses the nerve endings that provide the body with the sense of touch, pain, heat, cold, and pressure? | the papillary layer |
| tiny grains of pigment that are produced by melanocytes and then deposited into cells | melanin |
| What are the two types of melanin produced by the body? | pheomelanin and eumelanin |
| melanin which is red to yellow in color | pheomelanin |
| melanin which is dark brown to black in color | eumelanin |
| What can a person do to help melanin protect the skin from the sun's UV light? | daily use of a sunscreen with a sun protection factor of 15 or higher can help the melanin protect the skin from buring |
| What two specific structures found within the dermis gives skin its strength, form, and flexibility? | collegen and elastin |
| A fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength; makes up a large % of the dermis and provides structural support by holding together all the structures found in this layer. | Collagen |
| is a protein base similar to collegen that forms elastic tissue; gives skin its flexibility and elsticity | Elastin |
| Collagen comes from the Greek words kolla meaning.... | glue |
| Collagen comes from the Greek word gennan meaning.... | to produce |
| What two types of duct glads does the skin contain that extract maerials from the blood to form new substances? | sudoriferous glands and sebaceous glands |
| aka: sweat glands, excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals | Sudoriferous glands |
| aka: oil glands, are connected to the hair follicles; consist of little sacs with ducts that open into the follicles, they secrete sebum | Sebaceous glands |
| How much salt-containging liquids are eliminated daily through sweat pores in the skin daily? | 1 to 2 pints |
| fatty or oily substance that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair. | Sebum |
| aka: Acne vulgaris, a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands | Acne |
| aka: pimple, is a small elevation on the skin that contains no fluild but may develp pus | Papule |
| is a raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion referred to as the head of the pimple. | Pustule |
| what function of the skin protects the body from injury and bacterial invasion | Protection |
| What principal function of the skin lets the skin repond to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain by stimulating different sensory nerve endings | Sensation |
| What principal function of the skin, protects the body from the environment; helps maintain a constant internal temperature? | Heat regulation |
| What principal function of the skin, where perspiration from the sudoriferious glands is excreted through the skin? | Excreation |
| What principal functions of the skin is where the sebum is screted by the sebaceous glands | Secretion |
| what principle function of the skin, is where some ingredients can be absorbed by the outer layers of the skin, but very few ingredients can penetrate teh epidermis | Absorption |
| What are the six classes of nutrients that the body needs? | Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water |
| What are the 5 basic food groups? | Grains, Vegetables, Fruits, Milk, and Meat, (Poultry, fish, and beans) |
| Supports the overall health of the skin and aids in the health, function, and repair of skin cells; it has been shown to improve the skin's elasticity and thickness | Vitamin A |
| is an important substance needed for the proper repair of the skin and tissue; aids in and accelerates the skin's healing processes | Vitamin C |
| enables the body to properly abosrb and use calcium, the element needed for proper bone develpment and maintenance; promotes rapid healing of the skin. | Vitamin D |
| Helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun's UV light; some people claim it helps to heal damage when taken by mouth | Vitamin E |
| How much % does water compose of the bodies weight? | 50 to 70% |
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