Flashcards
B4 Science
Cards in this deck (44)
- 1Define photosynthesisPlants making their own food using the sun's energy.
- 2Define respirationA process all organisms need. Glucose is created by breathing.
- 3What do plants create when they respire?Oxygen
- 4Define enzymesChemicals that speed up a chemical reaction and are proteins
- 5What are enzymes made up of?Long chains of amino acids
- 6How are enzymes created?By a genetic code telling the cells what to do.
- 7What gives enzymes their three-dimensional shape?The different types and orders of amino acids
- 8What do enzymes work on?Substrates
- 9What's an active site?A part of the enzyme which has a special shape where the substrate fits into
- 10What could make the enzymes stop working?If the PH and temperature are wrong
- 11Photosynthesis reactionCarbon dioxide+water
Light energy
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glucose+oxygen - 12What does light energy do in photosynthesis?Gives carbon dioxide the energy it needs to turn into oxygen
- 13What is chlorophyll?It absorbs sunlight and is found in chloroplasts
- 14Where are chloroplasts found?Wherever the plant is exposed to light
- 15What is the waste product of photosynthesis?Oxygen
- 16What is the basic unit of life?A cell
- 17What is cytoplasm?Where chemical reactions take place
- 18What is glucose used for in plants?To convert into chemicals needed for the plant's growth; converts into starch for storage; and to release during respiration.
- 19What does the cell membrane do?Regulates what comes in and out of the cell
- 20What do animal cells and micro-organisms have?A nucleus, cytoplasm, and a membrane
- 21What's different about plant cells and animal cells' membrane?Plant cells have cell walls
- 22What does the nucleus contain?DNA
- 23What does cytoplasm contain?Mitochondria which is found in animal and plant cells in. It contains enzymes needed for aerobic respiration
- 24Define diffusionThe movement of chemicals from a high to low concentration. It is passive.
- 25How does diffusion fit into photosynthesis?Carbon dioxide enters and then oxygen leaves.
- 26Define osmosisA type of diffusion that uses water. It happens when chemicals are separated by a partially permeable membrane.
- 27Why is it important for nitrates to be high in concentrate in plant cells?Nitrates are high in concentration in the plant cells rather than in the soil to stop the root cells being taken up in diffusion.
- 28What do root cells use to transport nitrates?Active transport
- 29Define active transportUsing energy from respiration to transport chemicals across the cell membranes.
- 30What can affect the rate of photosynthesis?Temperature, carbon dioxide, and light intensity.
- 31Define respirationA series of chemical reactions in cells that release energy by breaking down large food molecules
- 32What respires?All organisms and every cell in the body
- 33What is needed for respiration?Glucose
- 34Define aerobicWhen oxygen is used
- 35Aerobic respiration equationglucose+oxygen-->carbon dioxide+water+(energy released)
- 36What do organisms need aerobic respiration for?Synthesis of large molecules and movement.
- 37What do plants use photosynthesis for?Respiration and active transport.
- 38When is anaerobic respiration used?When oxygen is low or absent, it is used to obtain energy.
- 39What uses up more glucose: aerobic or anaerobic?Anaerobic
- 40Where is anaerobic produced?Occurs in muscle cells during exercise; plant roots when the soil is waterlogged; and bacteria when there is a deep cut.
- 41Anaerobic respirationglucose-->lactic acid+ENERGY
- 42Define fermentationA type of anaerobic respiration which is used by some micro-organisms.
- 43What does yeast produce?Ethanol
- 44What is fermentation used for?Alcoholic drinks and bread.
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- Flashcards on B4 Science, created by mollytils on 23/10/2015.
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