Flashcards
Chemistry 1
Cards in this deck (40)
- 1What is middle of an atom called?Nucleus
- 2What makes up a nucleus?Protons and Neutrons
- 3What surrounds the nucleus?Electrons
- 4What does the group number tell you about the elements electrons?The number of electrons in its outer shell.
- 5What charge does a proton have?+1
- 6What charge does a neutron have?0
- 7What charge does an electron have?-1
- 8Atoms have an equal number of protons and electrons giving it an overall charge of what?0
- 9What is the number of protons in an atom called?Atomic Number
- 10How is the mass number of an atom calculated?The sum of the protons and neutrons
- 11How many electrons can the first shell hold?2
- 12How many electrons can the second shell and up hold?8
- 13What is it called when 2 atoms bond by sharing electrons?Covalent Bonding
- 14What is it called when 2 atoms bond by gaining and losing electrons electrons?Ionic Bonding
- 15The total mass of the products of a chemical reaction is always equal to what?The total mass of the reactants.
- 16What does carbon dioxide do to lime water?It turns cloudy.
- 17What is a metal ore?It is a mineral that contains enough metal to make it economically viable to extract.
- 18What does the method of extracting metals from their ores depend on?How reactive the metal is.
- 19Most metals are found as what?Metal Oxides
- 20Metals that are less reactive than what can be reacted with carbon to extracted from their oxides?Carbon
- 21How are metals that are more reactive than carbon extracted?Electrolysis of molten compounds.
- 22What is smelting?Heating ores in a furnace.
- 23How is copper extracted from less rich copper areas?From low grade ores and contaminated land by phytomining and bioleaching.
- 24What is phytomining?It is method that uses plants to absorb copper. As the plants grow they absorb the copper. The plants are burned and the ash produced contains copper in relatively high quantities.
- 25What is bioleaching?It uses bacteria to extract metals from low-grade ores. A solution containing bacteria is mixed with the ore. The bacteria convert the copper into a solution (leachate) where it can be easily extracted.
- 26Why are alloys used and what are they?Metal compounds usually to harden them (copper, gold and aluminium are too soft on their own).
- 27What is added to iron to make steel?Carbon
- 28In steel the higher carbon content......the harder and stronger it is.
- 29Steel with a low carbon content is......soft and easily shaped.
- 30What type of steel is hard and resistant to corrosion?Stainless Steel
- 31What are most of the compounds in crude oil?Hydrocarbons
- 32The larger/longer the hydrocarbon chain... (four points)The less easily it flows (more viscous).
The higher its boiling point.
The less volatile it is.
The less easily it ignites. - 33How is crude oil separated?Fractional Distillation
- 34What is an alkane?A Saturated Hydrocarbons
- 35What is the formula for an alkane?CnH2n+2
- 36The carbon atoms in an alkane are linked to how many other atoms by a single bond?4
- 37What is an alkene?Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
- 38What is an alkenes formula?CnH2n
- 39Why don't all the carbon atoms have four single bond in alkenes?Because there is one double carbon-carbon bond present instead.
- 40—
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- GCSE Science Flashcards on Chemistry 1, created by Caitlin Gallaghe on 30/10/2015.
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- Caitlin Gallaghe
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