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Description
Flashcards by Henok Joseph, updated 2 months ago
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Created by Henok Joseph
2 months ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a Universal indicator? | A dye which determines the ph of a substance |
| What is a Ph Probe? | pH probes are devices used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a substance accuratley |
| Ion produced by acid? | H+ |
| Word equation for neutralization between acid and alkali? | Acid + Alkali = Salt + Water |
| What is a Base? | A substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions |
| Ionic equation for a neutralization reaction in terms of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions? | (H+) + (OH–) --> H2O |
| Why is a Burette useful for identifying the endpoint of a titration? | A Burette helps add the acid into the alkali drop by drop which will help determine the endpoint more accurately. |
| What should you do to increase accuracy of a Titration? | Repeat the experiment to spot anomalies |
| Strong acid | Completely ionizes, More amounts of H+ ions |
| Weak acid | Partially ionizes, Less amounts of H+ ions |
| To increase the Ph of an acid you can... | Add water to the solution, add less acidic solutions. |
| What reaction occurs when acid reacts with alkali? | Neutalization |
| Metal Carbonate + Dilute acid --> | salt, carbon dioxide and water. |
| Carbon dioxide can be identified in a reaction between a Metal Carbonate + Dilute acid by? | Fizzing |
| Word equation for Sulfuric acid and Lithium hydroxide | Lithium sulfate + water |
| Balanced Symbol equation for Sulfuric acid + Lithium Hydroxide | H2SO4 + 2 LiOH --> LiSO4 + 2 H2O |
| Difference in the products of Sulfuric acid + Lithium Carbonate and Sulfuric acid + Lithium Hydroxide | Sulfuric acid + Lithium Carbonate produces Salt + water + Carbon Dioxide while Sulfuric acid + Lithium Hydroxide produces Salt + water |
| Word equation for Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid | Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid --> Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen |
| What does the reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric acid produce? | Positive Magnesium ions |
| Why does Iron react less vigorously with hydrochloric acid than Magnesium? | Magnesium is higher up in the reactivity series |
| Metal + Water --> | Metal + Water --> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen |
| Symbol equation for Calcium and water | Ca + 2 H2O --> CaOH2 + H2 |
| Suggest a Metal that reacts more vigorously with water than calcium? | Lithium/Sodium/Potassium as they are higher in the reactivity series. |
| Why are most metals in the Earth found as compounds? | Many metals can react with other elements to form compounds |
| Why can Magnesium not be extracted using Carbon? | Magnesium is more reactive than Carbon |
| Symbol equation for Iron (III) oxide Fe2 O3 | 2 Fe2O3 + 3C --> 4 Fe + 3 CO2 |
| How can you tell if something has been oxidized or reduced in a reaction? | If it has gained oxygen or if it has lost oxygen |
| Why is Magnesium Extraction very costly compared with Iron extraction? | Magnesium Extraction would have high energy costs to provide the high temperature needed while Iron doesn't need to be continuously heated. |
| Reduction in the terms of electron transfer? | Reduction is the gain of Electrons |
| Oxidation in terms of electron transfer? | Oxidation is the Loss of Electrons |
| Does Hydrogen lose or gain Electrons? Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl + H2 | Hydrogen Gains electrons as it has gone back to being a diatomic meaning it has been reduced. |
| Write an Ionic equation for this reaction Mg + FeCl --> MgCl + Fe | Mg + Fe(2+) --> Mg(2+) + Fe |
| What is an electrolyte? | A liquid that can conduct Electricity |
| Word equation for Lead Bromide | Lead Bromide --> Lead + Bromine Bromine doesn't change into oxygen as it is a Halide (group 7 element) |
| What charge does a Cathode have? | Negative (Cations) |
| What charge does a Anode have? | Positive (Anions) |
| What Ions move towards the Anode? | Negatively Charged Ions such as Br(-) |
| What reaction happens at the anode? | Oxidation |
| What reaction happens at the Cathode? | Reduction |
| Why does Lead Bromide Have to Molten? | So that the Ions can Move to the Electrode |
| What is the purpose of Mixing Cryolite with Aluminum Oxide? | To reduce the melting point of the electrolyte |
| Why do the Electrodes need to be replaced often? | This is because the Carbon in the electrode reacts with the oxygen to form Carbon Dioxide, so they degrade over time. |
| What does Aqueous mean? | Made from or in Water |
| Ions present in an Aqueous solution of Iron Chloride | Iron Ions, Hydroxide Ions, Chloride Ions, Hydrogen Ions |
| What are the products at each Electrode for Iron Chloride in Electrolysis? | Cathode- Hydrogen Discharged Anode- Chlorine Discharged |
| What des inert mean? | A Substance that is not Chemically Reactive |
| What is produced if a Metal is more reactive than Hydrogen? | Hydrogen |
| What is produced if a Metal is Less reactive than Hydrogen? | The metal Itself for example Copper |
| What happens when Potassium Nitrate solution is electrolyzed? | Potassium isn't discharged as Potassium is more reactive than hydrogen instead Hydrogen is produced. Nitrate isn't produced as there isn't a Halide Ion so oxygen and water is discharged. |
| What is the 2 Half equations that occurs when Water is electrolyzed? | Cathode: 2H(+) + 2e(-) --> H2 Anode: 4OH(-) - 4e(-) --> O2 + 2 H2O |
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