Flashcards
1B - DNA + dna replication + RNA/tRNA
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1what does DNA nucleotide consist ofa phosphate group, a pentose sugar (deoxyribose) and a base.
- 2what are the 4 basesAdenine - Thymine
Guanine - Cytosine - 3what does RNA nucleotide consist ofa phosphate group, a ribose sugar, and a base
- 4what are the 4 base in RNAAdenine - Uracil (replaces Thymine)
Guanine - Cytosine - 5what is a polynucleotidelots of nucleotides joined together by bonds between the phosphate group and sugar. the bond is called a phosphodiester bond and is created through a condensation reaction.
- 6what is DNA made from2 polynucleotide strands joined with hydrogen bonds, A-T have 2 hydrogen bonds, and C-G have 3. they are antiparallel.
- 7what is RN made from1 polynucleotide chain, which is much shorter than DNA chain.
- 8describe semi conservative replication of DNAhelicase breaks the hydrogen bonds.
free floating nucleotides join to each strand, matching up with complimentary bases.
polymerase joins the new strands.
each new strand now contains half of the original - 9why does the polymerase move in opposite directionseach strand has a 3' end and a 5' end, opposite to each other. polymerase always moves in a 3' - 5' direction.
- 10what evidence is there for semi conservative replicationlight and heavy nitrogen were placed in separate tubes of bacteria. light floated to the top and heavy to the bottom. when put together, they stayed in the middle, showing semi conservative replication, since each strand was a mixture of light and heavy.
- 11what are intronsDNA bases that don't code for amino acids. these are removed during protein synthesis.
- 12describe the 2 types of RNAmRNA - made during transcription. a single polynucleotide chain.
tRNA - used during translation. carries amino acids. also has an anticodon at one end.