Flashcards
Oral Cavity
Cards in this deck (83)
- 1What are the 8 functions of the oral cavity?Prehension
Mastication
Imibition (drinking)
Degultition (swallowing)
Digestion
Heat exchange
Grooming
Respiration during exercise - 2What are the 7 sections of the oral cavity?Lips
Tongue
Teeth
Gums
Cheeks
Salivary glands
Hard and soft palate - 3The oral cavity extends from the lips to the ____________?Pharynx
- 4What is the vestibule?The space between the lips/cheeks and the teeth.
- 5The oral cavity proper is the space within what?Teeth
- 6The oral cavity is bounded dorsally by?Hard and soft palate
- 7The oral cavity is bounded ventrally by?The floor of the mouth
- 8What are the 4 disorders of the oral cavity?Peridontal disease
Dental disease
Trauma
Neoplasia - 9What are the 4 clinical signs of oral cavity disorders?Salivation
Inappetance
Halitosis
Quidding - 10What is halitosis?Bad breath (dog breath)
- 11What is quidding?Dropping food from the mouth due to teeth not meeting or muscle deformity.
- 12What would you check during a clinical exam of the oral cavity?Colour mucosa
Capillary refill
Lymph nodes - 13What is the typical capillary refill time for a cat and dog?1 or 2 seconds
- 14What is Papular stomatitis oral mucosa? And what species does it affect?Acute viral disease of the cow. Could affect other species as zoonotic.
- 15What is Tongue entrapment?Where the teeth of a rabbit grow at an angle into the tongue due to the teeth not being occluded.
- 16In which 2 species are the lips sensitive and mobile?Horse and Rabbit
- 17In which 2 species are the lips less sensitive and less mobile?Cat and Cow
- 18What are the 3 things that the lips are used for?Prehension
Communication
Suckling - 19What innervates the orbicular muscle?Facial nerve (VII cranial nerve)
- 20What is the proper name for the orbicular muscle?Orbicularis oris
- 21In what type of animal is the philtrum present?Carnivores
- 22What are the 5/6 types of papillae?Conical
Vallate/circumvallate
Fungiform
Filliform
Foliate - 23Which 2 types of papillae don't have taste buds?Conical
Filliform - 24Name the 8 things the tongue is used for.Taste
Prehension
Lapping
Manipulating food
Swallowing
Grooming (cat)
Vocalisation
Theromregulation - 25What kind of control allows the tongue to move?Somatic efferent
- 26What structure of the tongue does the connective tissue structure the frenulum attach to?Body
- 27What are the 3 sections of the tongue?Apex
Body
Root - 28The apex of the tongue is the most _____ end of the tongue.Rostral
- 29The body of the tongue attaches to where?Mandible
- 30Where does the root of the tongue attach?Hyoid bone/ appartus
- 31What structure helps to support the tongue in ruminants and large species?Lingual Process
- 32Off which bone does the lingual process occur?Basihyoid
- 33What structure of the tongue do only carnivores have?Lyssa
- 34What is the name for the raised projection of the tongue in cattle? (causes inflammation if food gets stuck here)Torus linguae
- 35What are the names of the bones/cartilage that make up the hyoid apparatus?Tympanohyoid cartilage
Stylohyoid
Epihyoid
Ceratohyoid
Basihyoid
Thyrohyoid - 36What is the only intrinsic muscle of the tongue?Lingualis Proprius
- 37In what directions are the muscle fibres orientated in Lingualis Propruis?Longitudinal, transverse and perpendicular
- 38Name the extrinsic muscle of the tongue that is used for protraction and attaches the mandibular symphysis to the body of tongue?Genioglossus
- 39What extrinsic muscle of the tongue retracts and depresses it? An where does it attach?Hyoglossus.
Basihyoid bone to the root of the tongue. - 40The Styloglossus is an extrinsic muscle of the tongue that attaches the stylohyoid bone to the body of the tongue but what movements does it allow the tongue to do?Retraction and elevation. Also lateral movement if only one-side contracts.
- 41Which nerve causes the motor innervation of the tongue?Hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII)
- 42Which nerve causes the sensory innervation of the rostral 2/3 for: Taste? General sensation?Taste= facial nerve
General sensation= trigeminal nerve - 43Which nerve causes the sensory innervation of the caudal 1/3 for: Taste? General sensation?Both= glossopharyngeal nerve
- 44Name the blood supply to the tongue.Lingual artery (paired)
- 45Which artery is the lingual artery a branch of?External carotid
- 46What are the lingual artery and vein used for?Artery= pulse
Vein= Venepuncture - 47What are the 3 main salivary glands?Parotid
Mandibular
Sublingual - 48Are salivary ducts exocrine or endocrine?Exocrine due to secreting into ducts rather than blood.
- 49Where does the parotid duct finish in the dog?4th upper premolar
- 50Which duct runs along the floor of the oral cavity and opens behind the lower incisors?Mandibular
- 51Which duct runs alongside that of the mandibular and shares the common opening?Sublingual
- 52Where are the minor salivary glands found?Wall of oral cavity and oral pharynx
- 53Labial, lingual and buccal are all forms of minor salivary glands and have _____ ducts?Short
- 54In large animals where does the parotid duct run?Ventral to the mandible
- 55Why will the salivary ducts and glands be bigger in herbivores than carnivores?More saliva produced due to the diet.
- 56What is a distinct feature of the hard palate?Transverse ridges
- 57What are 2 things that are associated with the soft palate?Palatopharyngeal arch
Palatinus muscle - 58What is the name of the condition when there is a gap in the hard palate allowing communication between the oral and nasal cavities?Cleft palate
- 59The uvula is only present in which species?Human
- 60What is the proper name for swallowing?Deglutition
- 61What is the name of the 2 processes in deglutition?Voluntary and Involuntary
- 62Which 2 muscles are involved in the voluntary process of moving the bolus against the hard palate, forcing it towards the pharynx?Hyoglossus
Styloglossus - 63On average how much saliva does a cow produce a day?100L
- 64Name the structure that stores some of the saliva that is produced in large species.Periform recesses
- 65The first step of the involuntary stage of deglutition involves the epiglottis closing over the glottis drawing the hyoid cranially and the epiglottis being drawn back by which muscle?Genihyoid
- 66What elevates to close off the nasal cavity during deglutition?Epiglottis
- 67Once the bolus has passed over the epiglottis into the pharynx, which muscles are used to propel the food into the oesophagus?Pharyngeal constrictor muscles
- 68What are the names of the 3 muscle groups used for swallowing?Shorteners
Dilator
Constrictors - 69What causes the motor innervation of the pharynx?Vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)
- 70What causes the sensory innervation of the pharynx?Glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerveIX)
- 71What is an example of a neurological clinical condition of the pharynx?Grass sickness
- 72Where would you pass a stomach tube in a horse? Describe the pathwayAlar cartilage
Ventral nasal meatus
Nasopharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach - 73How do you know that the stomach tube is in the oesophagus and not the trachea?When sucking, oesophagus will provide resistance, trachea- will end up with a mouthful of fluid
- 74To enter the stomach with the stomach tube you sometimes have to ____ to allow it in.Blow (open the cardiac sphincter)
- 75Which side would the stomach tube be on if it enters the oesophagus?Left
- 76What muscle is present at the proximal end of the oesophagus?Skeletal
- 77Which type of muscle is present distally in the oesophagus?Smooth
- 78What type of epithelium is present in the lumen of the oesophagus?Stratified squamous
- 79What is the function of the stratified squamous epithelium in the oesophagus?Protection
- 80What property of the oesophagus allows expansion allowing the bolus to pass?Highly folded epithelium
- 81What is the name of the condition where the oesophagus is enlarged and peristalsis fails to occur properly?Megaoesophagus
- 82What allows you to be able to see issues such as megaoesophagus or myaethenia gravis?Barium meal
- 83If an animal can't swallow which nerve could be affected?Vagus
Glossopharyngeal
Hypoglossal
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- BVSc 1. Alimentary and Renal (Anatomy) Flashcards on Oral Cavity, created by Rachael Jones on 19/01/2016.
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- Rachael Jones
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