History - Surgery - Dealing with pain

Description

-Dealing with pain
Lewis Tonge
Flashcards by Lewis Tonge, updated more than 1 year ago
Lewis Tonge
Created by Lewis Tonge about 8 years ago
17
1

Resource summary

Question Answer
What was used to ease pain before the 1800s and discovery of anaesthetics? Before anaesthetics, alcohol and opium were used to ease pain during operations.
What anaesthetic was first used in in 1844 in dentistry? Laughing gas was first used in 1844.
What anaesthetic was used from 1846? Ether was first used as an anaesthetic in 1846.
What anaesthetic was dicovered by James Simpson in 1847? Chloroform was discovered by James Simpson in 1847 accidentally after inhaling chemicals with friends.
What anaesthetic was first used in 1884 before a less addictive version was made in 1905? Cocaine was first used as an anaesthetic in 1884 before a less addictive version, novocaine was produced in 1905.
What were the disadvantages of using alcohol and opium for pain relief? -Alcohol and opium had little success in easing pain during operations.
What were the advantages of using alcohol and opium for pain relief? -Patients became slightly less aware of pain however were still vulnerable to it.
What were the disadvantages of using laughing gas as an anaesthetic? -Laughing gas failed to ease all pain. -Patients remained conscious. -Didn't last a long time.
What were the advantages of using laughing gas as an anaesthetic? -It was much more successful at easing pain than alcohol and opium.
What were the disadvantages of using ether as an anaesthetic? -Made patients cough during operations and sick afterwards. -It was highly flammable. -It had to be carried in heavy glass bottles.
What were the advantages of using ether as an anaesthetic? -Made patients totally unconscious. -Lasted a long time. -Relieved patients of all pain during an operation.
What were the disadvantages of using chloroform as an anaesthetc -Difficult to get the dosage correct resulting in many deaths. (Use of inhaler prevented this) -Caused heart problems.
What were the advantages of using chloroform as an anaesthetc -Made patients totally unconscious. -Relieved patients of all pain during an operation. -Didn't all of the side effects that ether had.
What were the disadvantages of using cocaine as an anaesthetic? -Extremely addictive. -Patients remained conscious.
What were the advantages of using cocaine as an anaesthetic? -It was the first local anaesthetic that could numb pain in specific areas
What were the advantages of using novocaine as an anaesthetic? -Novocaine was less addictive than cocaine. -Novocaine made the patient totally unconscious. -Relieved patients of all pain during an operation.
Why was there opposition to anaesthetics? -People were worried about the long term affects of anaesthetics. -Some doctors thought being unconscious made the patient more likely to die. -More complex operations began to get carried out so more patients died from blood loss and infection. -The Victorians were very religious and thought pain was inflicted by god for a reason meaning it would be wrong to interfere.
What did James Simpson do? -Discovered chloroform in 1847. -Wrote articles and gave lectures to promote the use of chloroform for the use of surgery and childbirth.
What happened in surgery before anaesthetics? -Surgery was extremely painful; patients died from shock. -Surgeons worked fast to minimise pain and blood loss. -Patients had to be held down making it difficult for surgeons. -Most operations were amputations or operations close to the surface of the body.
Impact of anaesthetics on surgery. -Surgery became pain free. -Surgeons could take more time and work with more precision although still had to deal with blood loss. -Patients didn't struggle so surgeons found operations easier. -Deeper surgery was possible increasing the risk of infection. This led to the 'black period' of surgery.
Show full summary Hide full summary

Similar

Weimar Revision
Tom Mitchell
Hitler and the Nazi Party (1919-23)
Adam Collinge
History of Medicine: Ancient Ideas
James McConnell
GCSE History – Social Impact of the Nazi State in 1945
Ben C
Conferences of the Cold War
Alina A
Bay of Pigs Invasion : April 1961
Alina A
The Berlin Crisis
Alina A
Using GoConqr to study History
Sarah Egan
Germany 1918-39
Cam Burke
History- Medicine through time key figures
gemma.bell
The Weimar Republic, 1919-1929
shann.w