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Flashcards

ICT key terms

Patricia Olivia ICT AS - Level English 60 cards

Cards in this deck (60)

  1. 1ClientSomeone who has identified a problem and has asked for it to be solved using ICT
  2. 2AudienceThe person who will actively use the system, they will change the content, supply inputs and make use of the outputs
  3. 3User (end user)The person who views the content of a solution and does not enter or change the contents in any way
  4. 4SoftwareThe program commands that make a computer do the tasks we need it to do
  5. 5Systems softwareAny computer software that manages and controls hardware thus allowing applications software to do a useful job
  6. 6Applications softwareThe software with which users process text, numbers, still and moving images and sound
  7. 75 Characteristics of users (PEETA)1) Physical characteristics
    2) Experience
    3) Environment of use
    4) Tasks to be undertaken
    5) Age
  8. 8Bespoke softwareSpecially designed for a purpose
  9. 9Specific softwareDesigned for one particular task
  10. 10Generic softwareApplication package for a wide range of tasks. Usually bought off the shelf.
  11. 11Integrated softwareGeneral purpose software
  12. 12Health and safety STRESSCauses:
    Too much work
    Bad working conditions
    Symptoms:
    Headaches
    Aches and pains
    Prevention:
    Setting reasonable targets
    Having good workstations
  13. 13Health and safety EYE STRAINCauses:
    Focusing on a screen for a long time
    Excessive computer use
    Symptoms:
    Blurred vision
    Dry/irritated eyes
    Pain in neck, shoulders and back
    Prevention:
    Take frequent breaks
    Get an eye exam
    Modify your work station
  14. 14Health and safety BACK PAINCauses:
    Sitting in one position for a long time
    Having a badly designed workstation
    Symptoms:
    Back pain
    In sever cases permanent spinal damage
    Prevention:
    Have an ergonomically sound workstation
    Take frequent breaks to stretch back
  15. 15Health and safety HEADACHESCauses:
    focusing on a screen for too long
    working for a long time
    Symptoms:
    fuzzy vision
    dehydration
    Prevention:
    monitor tilted into the correct position
    drink lots of water
    take frequent breaks
  16. 16Health and safety REPETITIVE STRAIN INJURIES (RSI)Causes:
    performing the same movements over and over again
    using a keyboard or mouse for a long time
    Symptoms:
    pain in joints
    damage to joints e.g. arthritis
    Prevention:
    ergonomic keyboard and mouse
    adjustable keyboards
  17. 17Systems software 7 functions of an operating systemManaging memory
    allocating processor time
    data storage
    communication with input and output devices
    handling errors
    system security
    user and file permissions
  18. 18Systems software 3 functions of file management softwareFile recovery
    Un-installers
    Defragmentation
  19. 19Systems software 3 functions of utility softwareFile converters
    anti-virus
    security and accounting
  20. 20Systems software 3 functions of peripheral driversEnables peripheral to work with other applications
    Produced error messages such as “out of paper”, “low on ink” etc
    Tells the computer what the peripheral is capable of
  21. 21Systems software 3 types of user interfacecommand-line
    menu driven
    graphical user interface (GUI)
  22. 22ICTTHE USE OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE INPUT, PROCESSING, STORAGE AND TRANSFER OF DATA AND THE OUTPUT OF INFORMATION
  23. 23ICT SYSTEMCONSISTS OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE BEING USED TO INPUT DATA AND OUTPUT INFORMATION FOR USE BY PEOPLE WHO USE PROCEDURES
  24. 24DATARAW FACTS AND FIGURES WHICH ARE MEANINGLESS WITHOUT CONTEXT
  25. 25INFORMATIONDATA THAT HAS BEEN PROCESSED AND IS AN OUTPUT FROM AN ICT SYSTEM
  26. 26INPUTWHERE RAW DATA IS ENTERED/CAPTURED INTO AN ICT SYSTEM
  27. 27PROCESSWHERE DATA IS CONVERTED/CHANGED INTO MEANINGFUL INFORMATION
  28. 28OUTPUTTHE PRODUCTION OF MEANINGFUL INFORMATION IN A FORMAT THAT IS USEFUL FOR ITS PURPOSE
  29. 29THE SIX COMPONENTS OF AN ICT SYSTEMPEOPLE
    DATA
    INFORMATION
    SOFTWARE
    HARDWARE
    PROCEDURES
  30. 30Types of dataText/Alphanumeric
    Image
    Video
    Audio
    Numeric
  31. 31Batch ProcessingData that is collected together and processed as a single operation
    e.g. payroll systems where many staff are paid at the same time, utility billing where many bills are produced in a single operation
  32. 32Transaction processingA transaction is made up of data and processes that update to the data held on the system. Each transaction must be completed before the next transaction is begun.
  33. 33Interactive processingProvides for a dialogue between the user and the system with immediate responses from the system
    e.g. Game playing so actions on controller are displayed on screen
  34. 34ValidationIt is a method of checking data to try to reduce the number of errors in data being entered.
    It tests data against the validation rule and gives the user an error message if the data does not pass the test.
    It is a computer-based check that data being entered is reasonable.
  35. 35VerificationVerification checks that the data being entered into the ICT system perfectly matches the source of the data.
  36. 36MacroA series of commands and instructions that you can group together as a single command in order to complete a task automatically. Macros save time when you wish to perform tasks on a regular basis.
  37. 37Personal skills of an ICT professionalGood written communication skills
    Good oral communication skills
    Problem-solving skills
    Patience
    Willingness to work flexible hours
    Teamwork
  38. 38Characteristics of an effective teamEffective leader
    Appropriate allocation of tasks
    Balance of team
    Adherence to standards
    Monitoring of progress
    Meeting deadlines
    Budget management
    Control over change
    Good internal and external communication skills
  39. 39NetworkLinking two or more computer devices and other hardware together for the purpose of sharing and transferring data, communication, sharing software and devices.
  40. 40LANLocal Area Network
    A computer network - Usually covers a single building or site and could be linked by the use of cables
    The organisation owns all the communication equipment
  41. 41WANWide Area Network
    A computer network that covers a large geographical area and could be linked by cables, radio waves/microwaves
    Third party telecommunications equipment is used e.g. leased lines which are rented from communication company.
  42. 42Data transfer media/mediumThe material which forms the connection between the computers in a network e.g. copper wire, fibre optic cable, radio waves in the case of wireless
  43. 43NICA network interface card is a computer circuit board or card that is installed in a computer so that it can be connected to a network.
    Any computer that is to be connected to a network, needs to have a network interface card.
  44. 44Communication devicesCommunication Devices are pieces of hardware that are needed to turn stand-alone computers into networked computers e.g Network Interface Card (NIC), router, hub, switch
  45. 45Standards and protocols - SMTPSimple Mail Transfer Protocol - send emails between accounts
  46. 46Standards and protocols - HTTPHyper Text Transfer Protocol - Browsing the web ie: click on page which appears in browser
  47. 47Standards and protocols - TCP/IPTransmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol - It defines how electronic devices (like computers) should be connected over the Internet, and how data should be transmitted between them
  48. 48Standards and protocols - VoIPVoice over Internet Protocol - Is a method for taking analog audio signals, like the kind you hear when you talk on the phone, and turning them into digital data that can be transmitted over the Internet
  49. 49Standards and protocols - POP3Post Office Protocol 3 - the most recent version of a standard protocol for receiving e-mail. POP3 is a client/server protocol in which e-mail is received and held for you by your Internet server.
  50. 50Standards and protocols - IMAPInternet Message Access Protocol - Is a protocol for email retrieval and storage developed as an alternative to POP.
  51. 51WWW (World Wide Web)connects information in the form of hypertext documents (HTML). It is a collection of multimedia resources accessed through a browser and hosted by the internet
  52. 52Interneta series of interlinked networks which cover the globe/world, allowing the sending and retrieval of information from one computer to another, sometimes described as 'a network of networks'.
  53. 53IntranetA private internal network accessible to the members of an organisation.
  54. 54ExtranetAn extranet is an external network that can be used by the customers, suppliers and partners of an organisation to see a limited area of the organisation’s intranet.
  55. 55Privacyensuring that data is only accessed or viewed by those who have permission/authorisation to do so and is not disclosed to anyone who is not entitled to see it
  56. 56Securitythe application of safeguards to an ICT system to protect data and keep it safe from accidental or malicious modifications, destruction or damage
  57. 57MalpracticeWhen an employee does not follow an organisation’s ICT code of practice
    e.g. leaving a workstation logged on creating an opportunity for an unauthorized individual to access their account
  58. 58CrimeWhen an individual or organisation break the law through using computers to illegally access a computer system
    e.g.to break in and change the payroll figures on the internal database
  59. 59Intrinsic value of dataData has an intrinsic value, meaning it has a value in its own right
  60. 60Commercial value of dataThe commercial value of data is data that has a financial value

Information

Description
A Level ICT key terms
Created by
Patricia Olivia
Views
5
History
  • Created by Cerys Gill · Mar 23, 2016
  • Copied by Patricia Olivia · Mar 23, 2016
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