Flashcards
Motor Learning Final Review
Cards in this deck (58)
- 1The internal process associated with practice or experience of a motor movement is retainedMotor Learning
- 2Your deck of cards (genetic)Abilities
- 3Emphasizes performance improvementsPerformance goals
- 4Motor program theorists would argues this “model” can be used to describe any motor movementConceptual Model of Motor Performance
- 5If a person has half hearted efforts their motivation is ______________Low
- 6Exhale slowly before making the shot is an example of _________________Process goal
- 7This stage of learning has little to no talkAutonomous
- 8The task people want to be able to perform in order to achieve their goals. For example, bowling a strike.Target skill
- 9The actions necessary for accomplishing target skills. For example, using the correct bowling approach and ball placementTarget behavior
- 10The environment in which the performer will produce the target skill. For example, Friday night bowling league tournament.Target contex
- 11In terms of focus, attending to information outside the bodyExternal focus
- 12Make sure to describe, be clear, demonstrate then giving this.Instruction
- 13Rest between practice is longer then time spent practicingDistributed practice
- 14Rest between practice is shorter then time spent practicingMass practice
- 15This practice has decreased retention but state performance improves.Blocked practice
- 16Practicing in no particular order.Random practice
- 17Abc, acb, cab is an example of ________________Random practice
- 18Practice different versions of the same action; rehearsal matches actual performance.Varied practice
- 19Variation in the order practice; tasks are intermingledRandom practice
- 20Feedback given as positive, then what to fix, and then positiveFeedback sandwich
- 21The buzzer in your car is an example of this type of feedbackNegative feedback
- 22If an athlete cannot perform that movement without you (the coach) telling them what to do is an example of ________________Dependency
- 23Feedback that provides information about the quality of movement a performer has produced _______________Knowledge of Performance
- 24Time to react to will increase as the number of alternative responses increasesHicks Law
- 25Relationship between the speed of movement and he accuracy you canFitt's Law
- 26Abilities that underlie skills (Edwin Fleishman)Reaction time
Response orientation
Speed of movement
Finger dexterity
Manual dexterity
Response integration
Physical proficiency abilities - 27Reaction TimeImportant in tasks with a single stimulus and a response to the stimulus, where speed of reaction is critical, as in simple reaction time. An example is a start in a running or swimming race.
- 28Response orientationInvolves quick choices among a number of alternative movements, more or less as in choice reaction time. An example is bating in baseball, where the nature of the pitch and thus the bat positioning are uncertain.
- 29Speed of movementUnderlies tasks in which the arm(s) must move quickly but without a reaction-time stimulus, the goal being simply to minimize movement time. An example is swinging a cricket bat.
- 30Finger dexterityInvolves tasks in which small objects are manipulated by the fingers and hands. An example is threading a needle.
- 31Manual dexterityUnderlies tasks in which relatively large objects are manipulated with the hands and arms. An example is dribbling a basketball.
- 32Response integrationInvolved in tasks in which many sources of sensory information must be integrated to make an effective response. An example is playing quarterback in American football.
- 33AbilitiesAre inherited traits
Are stable and enduring
Number perhaps 50
Each underlies many different skills - 34SkillsAre developed with practice
Are easily modified with practice
Are essentially countless in number
Each depends on several abilities - 35Performance vs. LearningJust because performance improved does not mean that you learned it
- 36Definition of learningLearning results from practice or experience
Learning is not directly observable
Learning changes are inferred from certain performance changes - 37Performance CurvesPerformance curves are plots of individual or average performance vs. practice trials
Such curves can either increase or decrease with practice, depending on the particular way the task is scored
Law of practice says that improvements are rapid at first and much slower later in practice - 38Level of TransferPositive transfer
Zero transfer
Negative transfer - 39Positive transferPractice of one skill enhances performance in another
- 40Zero transferPractice of one skill has no affect on the other skill
- 41Negative transferPractice of one skill detrimental to performance in another skill
- 42Forms of PracticeSimulator practice
Part practice
Slow-motion practice
Mental-rehearsal techniques - 43Best PracticeA combination of random and varied practice yields the best results
- 44FeedbackAny kind of sensory information pertaining to the movement
- 45Intrinsic feedbackSensory information that comes from producing movements
- 46Extrinsic feedbackSensory information provided by sources outside the body
- 47Knowledge of result (KR)Extrinsic verbal information that tells the learner about the success or failure of his/her actions
- 48Intrinsic motivation for learning concerns the learners internalized drive to learn a skill that can be influenced in these ways:Goal setting
Augmented feedback
Self-regulation of practice - 49Goal settingBeing encouraged to commit oneself to a specific, challenging goal is strongly motivating
- 50Augmented feedbackCan provide a boost to motor learning, even if the feedback is not entirely true
- 51Self-regulation of practiceProviding some control over the learning environment is a factor thought to influence motivation and enhance learning
- 52Elaboration hypothesisIncreased meaningfulness and distinctiveness produce more durable memories for the tasks, and thus increased performance capabilities in tests of retention and transfer.
- 53Forgetting hypothesisForgetting facilitates learning
- 54An ________________ results in more skilled performance than an ________________ of attention.External focus
Internal focus - 55Stages of learning were specifically designed to consider perceptual-motor learning placing heavy emphasis on how the cognitive processes invested in motor performance change as a function of practice (theoretical)Fitt's
- 56Identified stages of learning from a combined motor control and biomechanical perspective (mathematical)Bernstein
- 57LearningDepends largely on what you practice
- 58—
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- Bachelors Motor Learning (Motor Learning Final Review) Flashcards on Motor Learning Final Review, created by Samuel Castillo on 28/04/2016.
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- Samuel Castillo · Apr 2016
- Updated
- Apr 30, 2016
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