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Flashcards

Ethics Flash Cards B603

Lucy Colson Philosophy and Applied Ethics GCSE English 94 cards

Cards in this deck (94)

  1. 1Definition of 'Abortion'Abortion: A medical operation to remove an unborn baby from the womb before it is capable of surviving in the outside world.
  2. 2Definition of 'Pro-choice'Pro-choice: The belief that only the pregnant woman should choose to abort the pregnancy.
  3. 3Definition of 'Pro-life;Pro-life: The belief abortion is always wrong.
  4. 4What does the Bible say about abortion?The Bible says nothing about abortion itself. (therefore many Christians are divided as to what the right choice is when it comes to abortion)
  5. 5What do Catholics say about abortion?Catholics are AGAINST abortion
  6. 6Why do Catholics take that position on abortion?> The belief in the Sanctity of Life
    > The Pope has said every baby is seen as a gift from god (Jacob refers to his children as gifts of God [Genesis])
    > The Pope has said abortion is wrong and a sin
    > A purpose of marriage is to have children
  7. 7Why are other Christians AGAINST abortion?> God creates human life
    > 'Thou shalt not murder' - 6th Commandment
    > God told people to go and have children (Genesis)
    > The Didache - 'You shall not kill by abortion the fruit of the womb'
  8. 8What reasons/ scenarios do Christians allow abortion?> If the mother may die due to the pregnancy
    > If the mother has been raped
    > If the baby is deformed (however some christians disagree with this point as it indicates that all disabled people should not be born
  9. 9Definition of 'Fertility Treatment'Fertility Treatment: A process for a couple who cannot have a baby naturally, where the sperm and egg are fertilised in a test tube. ( The sperm can be donated: from another man - AID or from the husband - AIH)
  10. 10What do Catholics say about Fertility Treatments?Catholics are AGAINST fertility treatments
  11. 11Why do Catholics take that position on fertility treatments?> Spare embryos are thrown away or used for experiments which goes against the beliefs of the Sanctity of Life and the Quality of Life
    > 6th Commandment - "Thou shalt not murder"
  12. 12Why are other Christians AGAINST fertility treatments?> Scientists are acting like God (giving life)
    > Fertility treatment is adultery: 7th Commandment - "Thou shalt not steal"
    > Old Testament: the teaching it is up to God to chose when a woman has a baby - Sam 1:6 "The Lord closed Hannah's womb"
  13. 13Why are other Christians FOR fertility treatments?> "Love thy neighbour"
    > The purpose of marriage is to have and raise children
  14. 14Definition of 'Surrogacy'Surrogacy: When another woman offers to carry a baby in her womb for a couple who cannot have a baby themselves
  15. 15What do churches say about surrogacy?Churches are AGAINST surrogacy
  16. 16Why do Churches take that position on surrogacy?> Surrogacy includes a third person which is adultery
    > Old Testament: Sarah allows Abraham to sleep with her servant in order to have a baby & God approved
  17. 17Definition of 'Cloning'/ 'Therapeutic Cloning'Cloning: A scientific process of making an exact DNA duplicate of something e.g plant/ animal.
    Therapeutic Cloning: An exact DNA replica of tissues in order to help people who are ill
  18. 18What are the attitudes AGAINST cloning?> God is responsible for the creation of all living things and therefore, scientists are trying to be God
    > St Paul's teaching - the body is a temple of the Holy Spirit and tampering with it can harm the Holy Spirit which is a mortal sin
  19. 19What do Catholics say about Cloning?Catholics are AGAINST cloning
  20. 20Why do Catholics take that position on cloning?> The belief of the Sanctity of Life
  21. 21Why are other Christians FOR cloning?> Therapeutic cloning is helping ill people and it is human responsibility as stewards of the world to help people in need
  22. 22Definition of 'Euthanasia'Euthanasia: The assisted suicide of someone who has a terminal disease or dying in pain
  23. 23Definition of 'Voluntary Euthanasia'Voluntary Euthanasia: When someone asks help to commit assisted suicide
  24. 24Definition of 'Involuntary Euthanasia'Involuntary Euthanasia: When someone is not in a conscious state to decide (e.g coma), but the people around them decide it is what they would want to happen.
  25. 25Definition of 'Active Euthanasia'Active Euthanasia: When someone takes positive action to hasten the death (e.g injection)
  26. 26Definition of 'Passive Euthanasia'Passive Euthanasia: When someone does not take any positive action (e.g injection), but instead withdraws certain treatments (e.g feeding tube/ antibiotics)
  27. 27Definition of 'Assisted Suicide'Assisted Suicide: When someone helps someone to kill themselves
  28. 28What does the Bible say about cloning?The Bible says nothing directly about Euthanasia being wrong, however, it is against the Sanctity of Life so many Christians believe it is wrong.
  29. 29Why are Christians AGAINST euthanasia?> 6th Commandment "Thou shalt not murder"
    > Sanctity of Life
    > Killing someone is acting like God - only God creates so only God can take away (life)
  30. 30Why are Christians FOR euthanasia?> "love thy neighbour as thyself" - treating someone as you would want to be treated
    > We have free will and should be able to choose what to do
    > God would not wany people to suffer from no Quality of Life
  31. 31What do Catholics say about Euthanasia?Catholics are AGAINST Euthanasia. (however Catholics believe doctors can give pain relief even if it does shorten the life of the patient - Double Effect)
  32. 32What position do hospices take on euthanasia?Hospices help those who are dying and those around the prepare for the death.
    Thay are inspired by Jesus' teaching - "love thy neighbour"
  33. 33What position do The Samaritans/ Child-line take on euthanasia?These organisations are for people who are down/ depressed to talk to and try to prevent them from committing suicide instead.
  34. 34What reasons (besides those including Adam) are there that support Christians FOR animals in medical research?> Useful for saving human life
    > God put humans the dominion over the world and, therefore, animals
    > Humans have the gift of free will and animals do not
    > Animals do not make mortal decisions
  35. 35What reasons (besides those not including Adam) are there that support Christians FOR animals in medical research?> Human's have souls (the breath of God which made Adam a living being)
    > Adam named the animals, therefore, humans are more important than animals and humans have control over them
  36. 36What reasons are there that support Christians AGAINST animals in medical research?> Humans are the dominion of the world so should look after and be kind to animals (humans should be kind to animals - Noachide Laws)
    > Animals and Humans are the same because God created them both
  37. 37Definition of 'Suicide'Suicide: When someone takes their own life
  38. 38What reasons are there that support why Christians are AGAINST suicide?> Sanctity of Life
    > "The body is a temple of the Holy Sprit" - suicide is a mortal sin against the Holy Sprit
    > 6th Commandment - "Thou shalt not murder"
  39. 39What Christian attitudes are there towards suicide?> Past: Someone who committed suicide would not be buried on holy ground
    > Present: If someone commits suicide it is because they are ill in mind.
  40. 40What Christian belief goes AGAINST animals in research?Saint Francis of Assibi believed that animals were just as important as animals - he preached a sermon to birds
  41. 41Definition of 'Dominion'Dominion: interpreted to mean that people have power over (rule over)
  42. 42Definition of 'Stewardship'Stewardship: The word 'steward' means look after - Christians believe they should be looking after the world for God
  43. 43What is the traditional view of men in the family?Men should go to work
  44. 44What is the traditional view of women in the family?Women should stay at home and look after the house and children
  45. 45Why do men and women (in a traditional view) have these roles in the family?Men are more important than women - Adam was created first and St Paul taught wives should obey their husbands
  46. 46What is the modern view of men in the family?Men should work and share equal jobs looking after the house and children
  47. 47What is the modern view of women in the family?Women should work and share equal jobs looking after the house and children
  48. 48Why do men and women (in a modern view) have these roles in the family?Men and women both work and have equal job roles in the home and looking after the children because they are equally important as they were both created in the image of God.
    Jesus also treated men and women equally
  49. 49What do Catholics believe about women in the church? Why?Women shouldn't be priests because:
    > The twelve apostles were men
    > Christ was a man so women cannot take his role
    > Eve was the first to sin
    > St Paul said women should be silent in the church
  50. 50What do Protestants believe about women in the church? Why?Women are equal to men because:
    > Jesus had female followers
    > Jesus appeared to a woman first after his resurrection
    > St Paul praised Priscilla for her work in the church and said everyone is equal in the eyes of God
  51. 51What is important about marriage?> Marriage is monogamous
    > Partners should be faithful (no adultery)
    > You should be married before having children
    > Uniting of a couple
    > marriage is unbreakable
  52. 52Why, according to Christianity, is it important to be married before having children?God blessed (married) Adam and Eve before he told them to have children - "go forth and multiply
  53. 53Why, according to Christianity, is it important that a marriage is the uniting of a couple?God created Eve for Adam as a companion for them to be together as a family
  54. 54What are the reasons for marriage?> To have children & raise them to love God
    > To stop sleeping around
    > So that people can love and look after people
  55. 55What supports the reason for marriage 'to stop sleeping around' ?St Paul: if you cannot contain your lust you should get married
  56. 56What is important about a Christian wedding ceremony?> Held in a church
    > Bride is given away by her father
    > Rings
    > White wedding dress
    >A mass/ eucharist
    > Confetti
  57. 57Why is it important a wedding ceremony is held in a church?A church is God's house, so a wedding is held there so he can witness the vows:
    > To be faithful
    > Follow God's wishes about marriage
    > To love each other forever
  58. 58Why is it important in wedding ceremony the bride is given away by her father?When the bride is given away by her father it symbolises her starting a new family unit
  59. 59Why is it important in wedding ceremony the bride and groom exchange wedding rings?The wedding rings symbolise eternal love for each other
  60. 60Why is it important in wedding ceremony the bride wears a white wedding dress?The white wedding dress symbolises the bride is a virgin - which in Christianity is a good thing because having sex before marriage is a sin
  61. 61Why is it important in wedding ceremony there is a mass or eucharist?The mass or eucharist shows the ceremony is a sacrament
  62. 62Why is it important in wedding ceremony there is confetti?The confetti symbolises fertility so the couple can produce offspring like God intended to happen when a couple marries.
  63. 63What do Catholics say about Civil Partnerships?Catholics are AGAINST civil partnerships
  64. 64Why do Catholics take that position on civil partnerships?> They are condemned in the Bible
    > Act of homosexuality is about masturbation and the sin of Onan
    > Old Testament says the punishment for sin of masturbation is death
    > St Paul's letter to the Corinthians
    > They are seen as mockeries of marriages
  65. 65What does the Bible say on civil partnerships?"Do not lie with a man as one lies with a woman; that is detestable"
  66. 66What did St Paul say in his letter to the Corinthians?Homosexuals will not go to heaven
  67. 67Why do Catholics believe a civil partnership is a mockery of a marriage?God created Adam and Eve to be "one flesh"
  68. 68Name one rule about being a homosexual Christian?You may love each other, but not celibate
  69. 69Name a reason why Christians are FOR civil partnershipsGod creates everyone in his image, including homosexuals, therefore, Christians should not condemn them
  70. 70What do the Quakers believe about homosexuals and civil partnerships?Quakers allow homosexual couples in their church
  71. 71What are the responses to sexual relationships?> No sex before marriage
    > Fornication is wrong
  72. 72Why do Christians believe people should marry virgins?> St Paul said the body is a temple of the soul, indulging in casual sex you are damaging your body
    > God blessed (married) Adam and Eve before he told them to multiply - "go forth and multiply"
  73. 73In Christianity what is sex for?> Multiplication
    > Unitive (uniting a couple as one flesh)
    > Healing process (making up after an argument)
  74. 74What do Catholics say about Contraception?Catholics are AGAINST artificial contraception
    Catholics are FOR natural contraception
  75. 75Why do Catholics take that position on artificial contraception?> The Pope says it is a sin
    > God told Adam & Eve to have children not to prevent having children
    > Sin of Onan
    > It is up to God who has a child, not us
  76. 76What is the sin of Onan?The sin of Onan - You are meant to have sex for children but allowed his "seed to spill on the ground". God was angry and killed him.
  77. 77What do other Christians say about Contraception?Some other Christians are AGAINST contraception
    Some other Christians are FOR contraception
  78. 78Why do some of the Christians (excluding Catholics) take that position on contraception?FOR:
    > Both parties agree in order to stop poverty through too many people in the world.
    > A child should be wanted and contraception stops an unwanted baby from being consummated
  79. 79Why do some of the other Christians (excluding Catholics) take that position on contraception?AGAINST:
    > Contraception encourages casual sex so, therefore, wrong
  80. 80What does the Old Testament say about divorce? Why?AGAINST:
    "God hates divorce"
    FOR:
    "a man can divorce his wife if she commits adultery"
  81. 81What does Jesus say about divorce? Why?AGAINST:
    "let no man separate"
    FOR:
    married someone else whilst your husband/wife is still alive
  82. 82What does God say about divorce? Why?God is AGAINST divorce:
    God blesses the marriage and the vows were made in front of him so should be kept no matter what the circumstances
  83. 83What does St Paul say about divorce? Why?St Paul is AGAINST divorce:
    St Paul taught "A man must not divorce his wife"
  84. 84What does the Bible say about divorce? Why?The Bible is AGAINST divorce:
    The Bible teaches God intended people to be married "one flesh"
  85. 85What do Catholics say about divorce?Catholics are AGAINST divorce:
    Catholics are FOR divorce:
  86. 86Why do Catholics take that position on divorce?AGAINST:
    > Marriage is a sacrament - only God can undo it
    FOR:
    > Annulment
  87. 87When do Catholics allow an annulment?An annulment can only happen when:
    > one of the partners was not aware of what was happening
    > one of the partners cannot fulfil the duties of being married
    > if the marriage was not consummated
  88. 88What do Catholics allow between a married couple?Catholics allow a married couple to live apart, but cannot have a sexual relationship with someone else
  89. 89What do some Churches say about divorce?Some churches say divorce is a last resort if the marriage has completely broken down e.g abusive
  90. 90What does Jesus say about remarrying?AGAINST:
    Jesus taught that Christians should forgive someone if someone makes a mistake e.g marry someone
    FOR:
    > "let no man separate"
  91. 91What is another point FOR remarriage?The couple is to work harder at the marriage the second time
  92. 92What is another point AGAINST remarriage?> 7th Commandment: "Thou shalt not commit adultery"
  93. 93Name two Christian views on family> Family is important because God created Adam & Eve to be one family unit
    > Everyone is one family because God created everyone.
  94. 94Name three points on Vocation> As a monk or nun God comes first & you have no family life as you dedicate your life to worshipping God
    > Catholic Priests do not marry so that they can devote their lives to their parishioners

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GCSE Philosophy and Applied Ethics (Ethics) Flashcards on Ethics Flash Cards B603, created by Lucy Colson on 22/05/2016.
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  • Created by Lucy Colson · May 22, 2016
  • Copied by Lucy Colson · May 22, 2016
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