5621619
Description
Flashcards by Beatrice Reader, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Beatrice Reader
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the three types of joints? | Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial |
| Give 3 examples of fibrous joints | Suture (in skull) Syndesmosis (joints held together by a ligament) Gomphosis (holds tooth in socket) |
| What are some differences between a primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis) and a secondary cartilaginous (symphsis) joint? | Primary cartilaginous - hyaline cartilage, allows for growth (e.g. epiphyseal plate of cartilage) Secondary cartilaginous - hyaline and fibrocartilage, found in the midline (e.g. intervertebral joints, pubic symphysis, sternomanubrial joint) |
| What are the two types of cartilage found in synovial joints? | Hyaline cartilage Fibrocartilage |
| T/f - fibrocartilage is weight-bearing cartilage and therefore stronger than hyaline cartilage? | True |
| What produces the synovial fluid in a synovial joint? | The synovial membrane |
| List some types of synovial joints and give examples | Pivot - atlanto-axial joint Plane - acromioclavicular joint Hinge - elbow joint Saddle - carpometacarpal joint Condyloid - metacarpophalangeal Ball and socket - hip joint |
| What movement does a pivot joint allow for? | Rotation |
| What movement does a plane joint allow for? | Gliding or sliding movements |
| What movements does a hinge joint allow for? | Flexion and extension |
| T/f - saddle joints only allow for movements in one plane | False - 2 planes |
| What movements do a condyloid joint allow for? | Flexion and extension Abduction and adduction Circumduction |
| T/f - a ball and socket joint will not allow for much movement | False - a ball and socket joint allows for movement on several axes |
| What are some other features of a synovial joint? | Articular discs Ligaments Bursae |
| What is the function of articular discs in synovial joints? | To separate synovial cavities to allow for movement |
| What is a bursa in a synovial joint? | A sac filled with fluid to reduce friction |
| What is the function of the synovium? | To produce synovial fluid from the synoviocytes and transports nutrients to the cartilage and removes waste from the cartilage |
| What are some of the main functions of synovial fluid? | Lubrication (boundary, hydrodynamic and weeping) Nutrition of cartilage Removal of waste products |
| How does ageing affect joints? | The viscosity of synovial fluid increases, meaning slower joint movements and reduced lubrication The water content of cartilage decreases, meaning reduced shock absorption |
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