Flashcards
Making polymers
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1What are hydrocarbons?They are molecules that contain hydrogen and carbon atoms only.
- 2How many bonds can a carbon atom make?Four.
- 3How many bonds can a hydrogen atom make?One.
- 4What makes a hydrocarbon an alkane?When it contains single covalent bonds only, it is called an alkane. The name of an alkane always ends in -ane.
- 5What are alkenes?They are another form of a hydrocarbon. They are similar to the alkanes except that they contain one carbon-carbon double covalent bond between two adjacent carbon atoms. A double bond contains two shared pairs of electrons. The name of an alkene always ends in -ene.
- 6What test is there to distinguish between alkenes and alkanes?A simple test to tell the difference between an alkene and an alkane is to add bromine water to them both. Alkenes react with bromine water (orange) and decolourise it (colourless). Alkanes have no effect on bromine water.
- 7What are alkanes described as?They contain only single covalent bonds between the carbon atoms - they are described as saturated hydrocarbons. (They have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom in the molecule.)
- 8What are alkenes described as?Alkenes contain at least one carbon-carbon double covalent bond. This means that the carbon atom is not bonded to the maximum number of hydrogen atoms. So, therefore they are described as being unsaturated.
- 9What type of reaction is the bromine water test and what does it make when reacted with alkene?Bromine water (orange), turns colourless when shaken with an alkene. This is an addition reaction as the bromine adds on to the alkene molecule to make a colourless dibromo compound.
- 10What can alkenes made by cracking be used as?They can be used as monomers.
- 11What are monomers?They are small molecules that can be reacted together to produce polymers.
- 12What are polymers?These are very large molecules, some of which make up plastics.
- 13What are alkenes good at, and what do we call it when they do this without producing another substance?Alkenes are very good at joining together, and when do so without producing another substance we call it polymerisation.
- 14What does the process of joining alkenes together require for polymerisation?This process, e.g. the formation of
poly(ethene) from ethene, requires high pressure and a catalyst. - 15How is the name of a polymer made, and how can you work out what the monomer is?The name of a polymer is made from the name of its monomer, e.g. ethene makes poly(ethene) and you can work out what the monomer is from the name of the polymer, e.g. poly(propene) is made from propene.
- 16What does addition polymerisation involve?It involves the reaction of many unsaturated monomer molecules, i.e. alkenes, to form a saturated polymer. You will be expected to give the displayed formula of a:
Polymer, given the displayed formula of a monomer.
Monomer, given the displayed formula of a polymer.
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- GCSE chemistry (C1) Flashcards on Making polymers, created by Rebecca Smith on 30/10/2016.
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- Rebecca Smith
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