Flashcards
2.1.2 - Computing Hardware
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1Computer architectureThe internal, logical structure and organisation of the computer hardware
- 2BinaryA system of numbers using only two digits 0 and 1 (aka base-2 system)
- 3CPUCentral Processing Unit
Containing the control unit, ALU and cache memory - 4Control UnitWorks with the CPU to control the flow of data within the system
- 5ALUPerforms all the arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU
- 6Random Access Memory (RAM)Main memory of a computer that stores data, applications and the operating system whilst in use. When the power is turned off RAM loses its data
- 7Cache MemorySpecial high speed memory used by a computer
- 8Flash MemorySolid-state memory used as low cost secondary storage in portable devices and as removable memory
- 9Solid StateTechnology based on electronics with no moving parts
e.g transistors and capacitors as used in memory chips - 10Secondary StorageNon-volatile storage used to store programs and files that need to be kept even when the power is not on
- 11Fetch-execute cycleThis is the process of fetching the instruction from memory, decoding them and then executing them so that the CPU performs continuously
- 12Read Only Memory (ROM)A store for data in a computer that cannot be overwritten. Data in ROM is always available and is not lost when the computer is turned off
- 13Clock ChipThe electronic device in a computer that controls the timing of signals
- 14BusA part of the computer architecture that transfers data and signals between the components of the computer
- 15MotherboardThe central Printed Circuit Board (PCB) that holds the crucial components of the system
- 16Dual-core/quad-coreA CPU with multiple processors (a dual-core has 2, a quad-core has 4)
- 17Bit Byte KilobyteBit: Binary digit - 0 or 1
Byte: 8 bits
Kilobyte: 1024 bytes - 18VolatileData lost when there is no power
- 19Non-VolatileData retained even when power is turned off
- 20Virtual MemoryA section of the hard disk used as if it were RAM to supplement the amount of main memory available to the computer. Used when there is not enough main memory to run the programs required
- 21Logic GateA circuit that produces an output based on the inputs: NOT, AND, OR
- 22NOTA logic gate that outputs the opposite value to the input
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- GCSE Computing Flashcards on 2.1.2 - Computing Hardware, created by Raphaela Dowding-Green on 24/11/2016.
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- Raphaela Dowding-Green
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