Flashcards
Psychology 2 - Learning
Cards in this deck (20)
- 1What is learning?A relative permanent change in behaviour due to experience.
- 2What are examples of learning?- A dog barking when his owner starts to open a tin of food.
- A cat using a litter tray.
- A child using a knife and fork. - 3What is classical conditioning?The process of learning through association. A reflex response is associated with another new stimulus.
- 4What is a stimulus?An event that causes a response.
- 5What is a response?An action made due to a stimulus detected.
- 6What does conditioned mean?Learnt.
- 7What does unconditioned mean?Not learnt (occurs naturally).
- 8What does neutral mean?Nothing associated with it.
- 9What does unconditioned response mean?A reflex response that occurs naturally without learning.
- 10What does conditioned response mean?A new stimulus that is associated with the UCS.
- 11What is generalisation?A conditioned response is produced to a similar stimulus.
- 12What is spontaneous recovery?A CR suddenly reappearing after disappearing.
- 13What is extinction?A response which has been conditioned no longer appears.
- 14What is discrimination?The CR is produced when a particular stimulus is presented.
- 15Give an example of extinction.Pavlov rang the bell and gave the food but the dog wouldn't salivate.
- 16Give an example of spontaneous recovery.If the bell rang and food was given but the dog had previously not salivate but now is.
- 17Give an example of generalisation.Pavlov changes the bell pitch but the CR maintains.
- 18Who's Theory is classical conditioning?Pavlov (Pavlov's dogs).
- 19Who carried out the Little Albert study?Watson and Raynor.
- 20Describe Watson and Raynor's study.They aimed to see whether the fear response could be conditioned into a human being. They showed Albert a range of objects such as a white rat, fire, dog and rabbit. He showed no fear. Then when he reached it a bar was struck to scare him. This was repeated several times. Little Albert cried every time the bar was struck and after repeated pairings between the rat and the noise Albert screamed when only the rat was there/any furry object as he had developed a fear of white furry objects. Researchers concluded that the fear response must have been learnt by children through classical conditioning.
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- Flashcards on Psychology 2 - Learning , created by Millie klik on 29/11/2016.
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