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Description
Flashcards by gina_evans0312, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by gina_evans0312
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Role of Type 1 Interferons and NK Cells | Mediate early innate immune response to viral infections |
| Downside of T1I and NK Cells | Can limit viral replication but can't stop it by themselves |
| Type 1 Interferons- Production | Produced by virally infected cells |
| Type 1 Interferons- Role (Main) | Induce resistance to viral infection in neighboring cells |
| Type 1 Interferons- Role (mRNA) | Induce proteins that break down mRNA |
| Type 1 Interferons- Role (RNAase) | Induce RNAases that prevent viral synthesis |
| Type 1 Interferons- Role (Virion) | Prevent release of virions from cells |
| Type 1 Interferons- Role (MCH) | Increases MHCI & II presentation to increase activation of CTLs and NK |
| Missing Self- Cause | Some viruses attempt to prevent immune activation by mutating/removing MHCI from the surface of cells |
| Missing Self- Immune Defense | Body works around this by destroying any cells that don't express/epress mutated MHCI |
| NK Cells | Natural Killar cells aka large granular lymphocytes |
| NK Cell- CD Expression | No TCR or BCR, CD3-, CD56+ |
| NK Cell- Origin | Arise from bone marrow, but need no thymal development |
| NK Cell- Activation (ADCC) | Antibody Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity |
| NK Cell- ADCC (IgG Coated Cells) | Infected cells will express surface antigens that IgG can bind to |
| NK Cell- FcR aka Cd16 | A receptor for the Fc subunit of Igs that, when bound causes the release of perforin and granzymes, which kill the cell through apoptosis |
| NK Cell- Perforin | Forms pores in the target cell through which the granzymes can enter |
| NK Cell- Missing Self Model | Where missing MHC causes the release of perforin and granzymes |
| NK Cell- Missing Self Model (Inhibitory KIR/L49) | Inhibitory receptors that, if bound to normal MHCI, prevents the NK cell from triggering apoptosis |
| NK Cell- Missing Self Model (KIR Structure- ITIM) | Immunoreceptor Try-Based Inhibitory Motif- found on inhibitor KIRs |
| NK Cell- Missing Self Model (KIR Structure-ITAM) | Immunoreceptor Tyr-Based Activating Receptor, found in Activating KIR |
| NK Cell- Missing Self Model (Activation) | Binding to cell where there is no MHCI, so there is no Inhibitory KIR/Ly49 binding, no inhibition and cell is apoptosed |
| NK Cells- NCRs | Natural cytotoxicity receptors that bind to viral HAs presented on cells |
| NK Cells- Role (Cytokines) | Release cytokines that induce adaptive immunity |
| NK Cells- Role (Cytotoxic) | Kill infected cells |
| NK Cells- Role (Polarisation- IFNy) | Promote polarisation of ThC1 |
| NK Cells- Role (IFNy/TNFalpha) | Induce MHCI & II on normal cells |
| NK Cells- Role (GMCF) | Promote differentiation/maturation of monocyte,macrophages and dendritic cells |
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