Lysosomal Breakdown Pathway & Autophagy

Question	Answer
Lysosomes	Bag of catabolic enzymes (RNAase, proteases, lipases, etc) coated b glycosylated membrane transport proteins
Lysosome pH	Approx pH5- proteins function at this pH, but if they leak into neutral cytosol they can't damage the cell
Maintaining Lysosome pH	Active H+ transport
Lysosome Location	Mostly WBCs, to mop up after phagocytosis
Controlling Lysosome Activity	Insulin and glucagon
Autophagy- Definition	Where cells being to consume parts of themselves in order to survive starvation
Autophagy- Regulation	Controlled by hormone and blood nutrient levels
Autophagy- Tumor Cells/Alzheimers	These cells shut down autophagy in order to survive
Autophagy- Macroautophagy (Autophagosomes)	Maroautophagy is marked by autophagosomes- large vesicles bonded with a double membrane
Autophagy- Macrophagy (Role of Autophagosomes)	Sequester parts of the cytosol and then fuse with the lysosome to degrade whats inside it
Autophagy- Chaperone Mediated	Small proteins are brought to the lysosome and small parts are taken up/broken down by receptors (Selective process)
Autophagy- Microautophagy	Material is simply engulfed by lysosome if it gets too close (non-selective)

Resource summary

	Created by gina_evans0312 about 10 years ago