Protein Turnover

Question	Answer
Free AA	Pool increases on protein breakdown, decreases on protein buildup
Long Term Protein Breakdown	Muscle wastage
Causes of Inc. Protein	Inc. protein intake, anabolic hormones, exercise/muscle hypertrophy (reverse for loss)
Effect of Increased Insulin	Inc. protein synthesis in muscle & liver- excess NH4 converted to urea, C skeletons used for energy
Effect of Incresed Glucagon	Little amino acid uptake into muscle, inc. protein breakdown and efflux of aa to liver, liver conversion of aa to glucose, and activity of the urea cycle
Long Term Starvation	Protein is conserved; ketone bodies replace glucose and aa as source of fuel
Severe Diabetes	Same as short term starvation
Cancer	Cells can only use glucose, so protein breakdown continues until death (same in chronic infection/trauma)

Resource summary

	Created by gina_evans0312 about 10 years ago