Flashcards
Structure of the Atom
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1Which subatomic particle is in excess in anions?Electrons
- 2Which subatomic particle is in excess in cations?Protons
- 3Using Boron as an example, explain why atoms are neutrally charged.They have the same number of protons and electrons which are positively and negatively charged, respectively. An atom of Boron has 5 protons and 5 electrons.
- 4If Boron loses one electron, how many protons and electrons will it have? Will it be an anion or a cation?It will have 5 protons and 4 electrons. It will be a cation.
- 5What are cations?Atoms that have lost electrons and become positively charged.
- 6What is Boron's charge if it has lost 3 electrons?It would have a positive charge of 3+
- 7What are anions?Atoms that have gained electrons and become negatively charged.
- 8Whether an ion is positively or negatively charged, what else can it be described as?Monovalent, divalent, trivalent or tetravalent (depending on how many valence electrons that lose or gain).
- 9If an atom is electrically neutral. What does this tell us about the relative subatomic particles?The number of protons equal to the number of electrons.
- 10Outline the Octet Rule.Elements try to fill their valency shells through the easiest means possible.
- 11Propose a reason why the noble gases are stable and unreactive.According to the Octet rule, noble gases are unreactive because, they have a full outer shell.
- 12Define isoelectronicHaving the same numbers of electrons or the same electronic structure.
- 13What happens when an atom becomes isoelectronic with their nearest noble gas neighbour?They have the same numbers of electrons or the same electronic structure.
- 14Explain why calcium forms cations.Calcium has a valence of 2- hence, it is easier for Calcium to lose 2- electrons than gaining 6- electrons.
- 15Explain why chlorine forms anions.Chlorine has a valence of 7 - hence, it is easier for Chlorine to gain 1 + electrons than losing 7 - electrons.
- 16Explain why Silicon and Carbon can form either anions or cations.Because it is due to their electronic structure, which easily allows them to gain or lose electrons.
- 17Explain why noble gases do not react with other elements to form compounds.It is because noble gases are inert and already have a full outer shell.
- 18Draw the Lewis electron dot diagram for Fluorine.
- 19Name the symbol, electron configuration and Lewis electron dot structure for a Magnesium ion.Symbol: Mg2+
Electron configuration: 2, 8
Lewis electron dot structure:
- 20Name the symbol, electron configuration and Lewis electron dot structure for an Aluminium atom.Symbol: Al
Electron configuration: 2, 8, 3
Lewis electron dot structure:
- 21What are Isotopes?Isotopes have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
- 22What does Mass number equal to?Number of Protons + Neutrons
- 23What does Atomic number equal to?Number of Protons
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- Chemistry (The Chemical Earth) Flashcards on Structure of the Atom, created by Alysia Chung on 21/02/2017.
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- Alysia Chung
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