Flashcards
Atoms and Radiation
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1What are isotopes?Different forms of the same element, with the same number of protons but different numbers of electrons
- 2What is the atomic number?The number of protons in an atom
- 3What is the mass number of an atom?The sum of the neutrons and protons
- 4What do most isotopes tend to be? What does this mean?Radioactive, meaning they don't decay into other elements and give out radiation
- 5Where do radioactive substances give out radiation?From the nuclei
- 6What are the three types of radiation?Alpha, beta and gamma
- 7Give three ways we get background radiation1) Naturally occuring isotopes, e.g in food, air and building materials etc.
2) From space, e.g cosmic rays
3) Man-made sources, e.g fallout from weapons testing - 8What does radiation dose depend on?The type and amount of radiation you've been expose to
- 9What does a higher radiation dose mean?The more at risk you are of developing cancer
- 10What two things effect the amount of radiation you're expose to?Location and occupation
- 11Give five locations and occupations that will increase the amount of radiation in your body1) Certain underground rocks can cause higher levels at the surface, especially if they release radioactive radon gas
2) High altitudes so commercial pilots
3) Underground as there's rocks all around so miners
4) Nuclear industry workers are exposed to 10x the normal amount
5) Radiographers in hospitals are also exposed to a higher amount - 12Give two ways people working with radiation try to protect themselves1) By wearing protective clothing so they don't touch or inhale too much radiation
2) By having regular checkups
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