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Description
Flashcards by jacksearle, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jacksearle
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| When was the Moscow summit and what two things did the USSR agree to sign? | May 1972 - SALT I treaties and the Basic Principles Agreement |
| When did discussion over arms limitation begin and when was SALT I signed? | discussions began in 1969 - SALT I treaties eventually signed May 1972 |
| What 2 agreements made up SALT I? | 1. The anti-ballistic Missile Treaty 2. The interim agreement on offensive missiles |
| What 3 restrictions were laid out in the anti-ballistic missile treaty? | 1. Restricted USA and USSR to 2 anti-ballistic missiles shields each 2. each shield was only allowed to be made up of 100 missiles 3. Further development of ABM tech was restricted - An Oversight commission was set up to enforce this part |
| What restrictions were laid down in the interim agreement on offensive missiles? | USSR allowed 1618 missile launchers, 740 submarine based launchers - US allowed 1054 missile launchers, 656 submarine based launchers |
| Why was it an interim agreement and not a full agreement? | Was due to last 5 years in anticipation of a full agreement to be signed in 1977 |
| What was the significance of SALT I? | Significant because it changed the relationship - signalled they were willing to work together to limit the production and stockpiling of weapons rather than engage in an arms race |
| What was the Basic Principles Agreement? | made up of 12 fundamental principles that formed the basis of US-USSR relations - included agreement to peacefully coexist - recognise eachother as equals - exercise restraint in crisis time - avoid confrontation |
| What was the significance of the Basic Principles Agreement? | for the first time it introduced a series of rules governing aspects of the superpower relationship - in this sense it made relations more stable |
| What was European Ostpolitik? | European countries on both sides of iron curtain were going through their own Détente - known as Ostpolitik |
| In practice what was European Ostpolitik? | Involved European govts working together to address the problems created by a divided Europe |
| Give the key example of Ostpolitik in action | W.Germany committed to Ostpolitik - negotiated with E.Germany and agreed the Berlin Agreement - which guaranteed W.Germany's borders |
| Why was the Berlin Agreement significant? | Before this - Eastern Bloc had refused to officially recognise West Germany - ostpolitik was important for D - further stabilised superpower relations |
| When were the Helsinki Accords signed? | 1975 |
| What were the Helsinki Accords? | A comprehensive framework governing relations between Eastern and Western Europe - tackled 3 aspects, known as baskets - significance because they established a framework for managing a divided Europe |
| What were the 3 baskets? | Basket 1: Security measures Basket 2: Economic, cultural, scientific and environmental issues Basket 3: Human Rights and travel |
| What was agreed upon under Basket One: Security Measures? | European states pledged to respect each other's sovereignty - in practice meant they wouldn't interfere in each other's affairs - Promised to respect borders and to accept possibility that borders may change through peaceful negotiation |
| What was agreed upon under Basket 2: Cultural, economic, scientific and environmental issues? | European states pledged to cooperate on matters of mutual interest and to foster good trading relations across Europe - to this end - they agreed to share Western technology with the East |
| What was agreed upon under Basket 3: Human Rights and Travel? | European states pledged to respect the human rights of their citizens and to relax travel restrictions across Europe |
| What unforeseen problems did Basket 2 lead to? | Economic cooperation highlighted the inferiority of comm economies - Goods produced in West much higher quality - led citizens in Eastern Bloc to question the efficiency of the communist economy - undermining the legitimacy of comm rule |
| What unforeseen problems did Basket 3 lead to? | Travel relaxed - Led to trade links across Iron Curtain - through these contacts, Eastern Bloc citizens heard about Western way of life - freedom of press, speech, religion and democracy - Eastern Europeans discovered a more attractive way of life again undermining comm rule |
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