Italian Unification - Unit 3

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A level History (Italian Unification) Flashcards on Italian Unification - Unit 3, created by kemi fadahunsi on 25/04/2017.
kemi fadahunsi
Flashcards by kemi fadahunsi, updated more than 1 year ago
kemi fadahunsi
Created by kemi fadahunsi about 8 years ago
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PIEDMONT DEVELOPMENT UNDER CAVOUR AND V.EMMANUEL II (Political) The Statuto - strong constitutional monarchy. Siccardi Laws - promoted secularism (church and state separate) Connubio - unification of moderate political parties. Centre right and centre left. Anti-clericalism - power/influence of the Catholic Church reduced.
PIEDMONT DEVELOPMENT UNDER CAVOUR AND V.EMMANUEL II (Economic) - International trade develops with Britain and France. - Industries flourished - Imports and Exports quadrupled - French finance and British investments funded improvements. - Infrastructure improvements (railway)
DIPLOMACY - CAVOUR AND NAPOLEON III CRIMEAN WAR - V. Emmanuel I urged Cavour to support British and French in Crimean War 1854. - Gained the ally ship of France and Britain, enjoyed the spoils of war, seat at peace conference. - Pledged fifteen thousand troops
DIPLOMACY - CAVOUR AND NAPOLEON III CONGRESS OF PARIS 1856 - Peace treaty conference. Cavour viewed as an equal to the European leaders. - Made the acquaintance of Louis Napoleon.
DIPLOMACY - CAVOUR AND NAPOLEON III Plombieres Meeting 1858 - Napoleon swayed into it by Orsini affair - Napoleon pledged to aid Piedmont against Austrian forces - needed to manoeuvre Austria into war. AGREEMENTS: France supply 200,000 men. Piedmont 100,000 men. France get Savoy. Pope would be figurehead - Italy 4 states loosely grouped (Neo-Guelphism)
THE WAR OF 1859 Causes and Events CAUSES: - Cavour mobilised Piedmontese. - Austrians demanded they be demobilised. - Cavour refuses, V.E proclaims war and Napoleon backs it. EVENTS: Magenta and Solferino - bloody battles - Austrians defeated French forces. - Chaotic unprepared war.
THE WAR OF 1859 Settlement Sudden truce made with Austria by Napoleon. - Treaty of Villafranca 1) Piedmont would receive Lombardy. 2) Austria kept Venetia. 3) Monarchs restored in Central Duchies. This was made as the battles were too bloody to continue. Prussian troops were mobilising near France. Mistrust of Cavour - Piedmontese expansionism. Cavour resigns due to this settlement.
THE WAR OF 1859 Results 1860 - Tuscany, Modena and Parma annexed by Piedmont (plebiscites) - Creation of greater nationalist sentiments. - Nice and Savoy voted 99% join France (possibly rigged)
1860: GARIBALDI AND THE 1000 Events - Garibaldi was preparing to recapture Nice and Savoy from France. - Distracted by news of revolt in Sicily - Him and 1200 men arrived in Sicily with no ammo but with guns. - Army swelled to 3000, successful against the Neapolitan army. - Garibaldi declared himself Head of Sicily - abolished tax on grinding corn. Later suppress peasant revolts in favour of landowners. - Austrian garrison withdrew to Naples.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE 1000 - North and South united; Garibaldi handed over Sicily and Naples to VE II. - Most celebrated events in Risorgimento.
CONSTITUTION & NEW KINGDOM OF ITALY 1861 - 1861 Kingdom of Italy without Rome and Venetia. - Cavour's party won 1861 election - The Statuto. Constitutional monarchy. - Piedmontisation. Piedmont swallowed up other nations. Their debt was Italy's debt. Regional govt had to accept Piedmontese system of local admin. VE II = King. - Only 2% of the population could vote.
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