Flashcards
Key Defintions
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1What is an ALUAn ALU is an arithmetic logic unit, it does all the mathematical and logic of the processer.
- 2What is a Control UnitA control unit controls signals that are sent to the processor and tells components how to deal with these instructions
- 3What is a PCThe PC is a program counter that is an incremental counter to tell the processor which instruction it is on.
- 4What is a RegisterA register is a high speed piece of memory in the CPU that stores the values for different jobs, e.g Memory Address register which stores the location of where data is in memory
- 5What is a ACCAn Accumulator is a short term register which stores the results of arithmetic and logic of the processor
- 6What is a MARThe memory address register, holds the location in memory of the next piece of data or program to be fetched.
- 7What is a MDRWhen the data or program instruction is fetched from memory, it is temporarily held in the Memory Data Register
- 8What is a CIRThe Current Instruction Register holds the current instruction to be executed having been fetched from memory
- 9What are Busses?A collection of wires through which data is transmitted from one part of a computer to another
- 10What is a Data BusThe data bus carries the data to be stored, it is bi-directional meaning it can also takes data to the CPU.
- 11What is a Address BusAddress bus carries the location to where data should be stored, the bus is uni-directional.
- 12What is a control bus?A control bus is a computer bus that is used by the CPU to communicate with devices that are contained within the computer
- 13What is the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle?A standard process that describes the steps needed for processing to take place.
- 14What is the CPUThe CPU is the central processing unit that performs all the functions of the computer, it also controls the rest of the components of the system
- 15What is the clock speedThe clock speed of the CPU is how many cycles it performs in one second.
- 16What are cores in the central processing unitThe cores are what do the computational processing, they can do different jobs simultaneously if there are more than one in a CPU.
- 17What is CacheCache is high speed, short term memory held in the CPU that holds data that is needed by the CPU
- 18What is PipeliningPipe lining is a process in the CPU that allows the CPU to queue up instructions to allow it to be more efficient, one process can be executed, while one is being is decoded and one is being fetched from memory
- 19What is CISCCISC is complex instruction set computer It has complex hardware, with less software code and takes a few cycles per instruction
- 20What is RISCRISC is Reduced instruction set computer It has simpler hardware, with more complex software code and takes a one cycle per instruction
- 21What is a GPUA GPU is a graphical processing unit, it is similar to a CPU however specifically designed to draw things onto the screen of the computer used primarily in games where are lots of mathematical calculations
- 22What is a multicore systemA multi core system is a system that has more than one core allowing it to simultaneously preform different tasks allowing it to be more efficient
- 23What is a parallel processing systemThis is where there may be more than one processor in a system allowing it to perform more than one instruction in the system
- 24What is an input deviceAn input device is what is used to input data into the system
- 25What is an output deviceAn output device is what is used to show the user the output of the system
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- AS - Level Computer Science Flashcards on Key Defintions, created by Nathan King on 02/05/2017.
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- Nathan King
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