Flashcards
Perception
Cards in this deck (26)
- 1Define realismThe claim that there is an external world
- 2Define direct realismThe claim that we are immediately aware of a real external world
- 3Define indirect realismThe claim that our perceptions are representations of the real world
- 4Define mind independentX exists regardless of whether it is perceieved
- 5Define mind dependnetX only exists so long as it is percieved
- 6What is sense dataThe direct object of perception (IR)
- 7What are primary qualitiesthose which are inseperable from the object - relative position
- 8What are secondary qualitiesqualities which produce ideas upon perception - such as colour
- 9Argument for DRcommon sense
- 10Argument of perceptual variationI see an object
the object does not change
as i approach the object my perception does, therefore i cannot be perceiving the object directly
begs the question - there is a change in relational properties - 11Argument of illusionI am directly aware of X (an illusion)
X is not physically true
therefore I am directly aware of something non-physical
perceptual experience is the same regardless of illusion
therefore the cause is the same
therefore i am directly perceiving the non physical - SD
but 1 and 2 contradict, relationsal properties also resolves this - 12Argument from hallucinationWe perceive objects
we can hallucinate objects
those which are hallucinated are MD
perception is same regardless
explanation is the same
all perception is MD
if this were true there would be no semantic distinction - 13Time lag argumentwhen one looks at a star they are looking millions of years into the past
the star may no longer exist #therefore one cannot be directly aware of the star if it no longer exists
relational properties - 14What are the two claims of IRMI exist
we are indirectly, but accurately, aware of them - 15IR Argument that MI exist - Locke and RusselLocke - perception is uncontrollable - we are not the cause - Mi is the cause
What about demon doubt?
Russel - Same as abover but MI is likely cause, more likely than demon - 16IR argument that our perceptions are accurateLocke - we are accurately aware of an objectis primary qualities - size, we are unsure about secondaries
Russel - we are only truly aware of relational properites, that is all - 17Issues for IRDissimilarite betweeen MI and MD - consistent/inconsistnet - representing eachother seems incoherent
cuasal issues - how does the physical cause the non-physical - 182 claims of idealismWe are immediately aware of MD
Only MD exists - 19Arguments that we are immediately aware of MD only (Not PQs)Relativity - all pereption is variable even if the object is not
Abstraction - one cnanot concieve of an objecti without SQs, they are necessary for the object and as they are MD so is the object
Resemblence - MD and MI are entirely different so it does not make sense for one to represent the other - 20Argument that only MD exist - master argumentIf MI exist they do so independent of perception
they can exist without ever being concieved
we cannot concieve of an objecti without concieving it though such action
therefore MI cannot eixts independent of thought
therefore all MI are MD, thus MI do not exist - 21Issue with the master argumentcontradiction in terms - perception and conception are not synonomous
conclusion is unjutified - ambiguous at best
reducible to absurd - objects cease when not experienced
one can conceive of the unconcieved without conceiving the specific - 22Issues for idealismsollipsism
illusion and hallucination
space and time
reliance on god - 23Sollipsism issueall that exists is my ecperience - uncomfortable but not damning - i do not perceive my mind, it does not exist
the mind is that which can perceive, i can perceive, i must have a mind. if i have one others could exist, as i do not control my perception they must originat from another (gods) mind - 24Illusion and hallucnination issue for idealismillusion and hallucination are just as accurate as "reality", this is not what we mean by usie of these terms
also entails that god is a deciever - 25space and time issuetwo people perceive the same tree differently, there is no tree but 2 different trees
there is no objectivity in idealism, no right and wrong synthetic knowledge
secured by God - 26issue of GodGods existence reolves most previous issues but with illusion and hallucination one must concede god is a deciever
also gods existence is not certain
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- A level Philosophy (AS) Flashcards on Perception , created by John Doak on 03/05/2017.
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