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Description
Flashcards by lucykania27, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by lucykania27
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Sensation | The process by which our sense organs and receptors detect and respond to sensory information that stimulates them. |
| Perception | Perception Process by which we give meaning to sensory information, resulting in our personal interpretation of that information. |
| Process of Light Enabling Sight | 1. Light initially enters the eye through the cornea 2. After passing through the cornea, light then passes through the aqueous humour 3. The passage of light then continues through the pupil 4. Light then enters the lens 5. After incoming light passes through the lens, it continues through the vitreous humour 6. Finally, the light reaches the retina at the back of the eye 7. After information is processed in the retina, it is sent along the optic nerve to an area at the back of the brain called the Visual Cortex for further processing. |
| What are Rods and Cones? | Rods and cones detect light and respond by changing the light energy into a form of energy that can be sent to the brain for further processing. Rods: Respond to very low levels of light (dim light) Cones: Respond to high levels of light (do not respond well in dim light) |
| What are the Gestalt Principles? | Rules that we apply to visual information to assist our organisation and interpretation of the information in consistent and meaningful ways. |
| What is Figure Ground? | The way we organise visual information by perceptually dividing a visual scene into a ‘figure’ which stands out from the ‘ground’, which is its surroundings. |
| What is Closure? | The perceptual tendency to mentally ‘close up’, fill in or ignore gaps in a visual image and to perceive objects as complete (‘whole’). |
| What is Proximity? | The tendency to perceive parts of a visual image which are positioned close together as belonging together in a group. |
| What is Similarity? | The tendency to perceive parts of a visual image that have similar features – such as size, shape, texture or colour – as belonging together in a unit, group or ‘whole’. |
| What is Depth Perception? | Depth perception is the ability to accurately estimate the distance of objects and therefore perceive the world in three dimensions. |
| What are Perceptual Constancies? | Refers to the tendency to perceive an object as remaining stable and unchanging (constant) despite any changes that may occur to the image cast on the retina. |
| What is Shape Constancy? | Tendency to perceive an object as maintaining its shape despite any change in shape of the image of the object on the retina. |
| What is Size Constancy? | Recognising that an object’s actual size remains the same, even though the size of the image it casts on each retina changes |
| What are the factors that effect Visual Perception? | - Perceptual Set - Context - Motivation - Emotional State - Past Experience - Cultural Factors |
| What did 'The Ratman' experiment invistigate? Bugelski and Alampay (1961) | Investigated whether the interpretation of an ambiguous stimulus is influenced by immediate past experience, and, in particular, by the establishment of a perceptual set. |
| What are Visual Illusions? | Misinterpretation (distortion or mistake) of real sensory information. |
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