9111801
Description
Flashcards by Lauren Le Prevost, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lauren Le Prevost
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What was becoming increasingly popular in Britain? | Chinese goods (Eg silk, tea, and porcelain). |
| Trading conditions with China were less than ideal, what were the regulations enforced by Chinese authorities? | Europeans were not permitted to leave the trading base at Canton, and were only licensed to deal with merchants called Hongs. |
| What was the only way to reach Canton from the East India base in Calcutta? | Through the Straits of Malacca, a dutch colony that had established a monopoly over spices the region exported, and the Dutch protectionist policy refused British ships entry or charged high tariffs for the privilege. |
| The Straits were also known for what? | Piracy. |
| Therefore, the trade route to China from India was what? | Long, expensive and dangerous. |
| The problems posed by the Straits were solved by who, and what? | Sir Stamford Raffles, colonial administrator, was determined to undermine Dutch presence in Malaysia by opening a trade route to China and so obtained permission from the East India Company superiors to seek a British base in the region. |
| What year was the sparsely inhabited port of Singapore located, and what happened? | 1819, and a treaty with the local leaders was drawn up to establish a trading post there. |
| Why did the port have explosive growth? | Due to its status as an entrepôt, meaning ships of all nationalities could dock without tariffs. |
| Why did Raffles deliberately choose to make Singapore an entrepôt? | Because Singapore's tax free status drew in merchants from all over the world. |
| What was another key aspect of Singapore's value? | Ships no longer had to complete the whole journey to their destination port. Eg, ships with good from China destined for Britain could offload at Singapore in exchange for textiles, guns and opium. |
| In 1819, trade worth how much passed through Singapore, and by 1824 the volume had increased by how much? | In 1819, trade worth 400,000 Spanish dollars passed through Singapore. In 1824 (when the Anglo-dutch treaty was finalised, agreeing on territorial rights) the volume had increased over 2,700% to 11 million Spanish dollars. |
| By 1849, there were how many British merchant houses? | There were 20 British merchant houses, which had their own docks for loading and unloading cargo and warehouses for storing it. |
| What did the growth of Singapore show? | It demonstrated the possibilities of the Empire running on free trade. |
| When did Singapore's importance reduce? | Once Hong Kong had been acquired. |
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