9122949
Description
Flashcards by Lauren Le Prevost, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lauren Le Prevost
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What year was Aden acquired? | 1839. |
| What did the Governor of Bombay, Sir Robert Grant (1834-38), feel was necessary? | Grant felt armed ships steaming regularly between Bombay and Suez would help secure British interest in the region. |
| In 1829, when the search for coaling stations had started, Lord Auckland, the governor general of India, had ordered what? | Auckland had ordered that any East India Company involvement should be peaceful and negotiated with local rulers. |
| What did Commander Stafford Haines suggest to Grant? | Haines suggested that Aden should be occupied on the basis that the sultan was little better than a pirate, referring to the sultan's forces interference with British shipping. |
| How did Grant respond to Haines' suggestion? | Grant agreed, and when to sultan's forces plundered the merchantman 'Duria Dowlat' after it ran aground, he pressured Lord Auckland to allow Haines to act. |
| What year did Haines arrive in Aden, and what was his mandate? | 1837, he arrived with a mandate to secure satisfaction for the 'outrage' of the 'Duria Dowlat' and to negotiate the use of a coal depot. |
| Despite this mandate, in negotiations with the sultan, what did Haines demand? | He demanded full British occupation of the port. |
| Haines secured a letter from the sultan saying what? | 'You can then make houses or forts or do what you like; the town will then be yours.' |
| Why did negotiations break down? | They broke down with rumours that the sultan's son was planning to kidnap Haines. And Haines used the letter to claim a treaty for occupation had been agreed. |
| What year did Grant die, and what happened? | 1838, and the decision to send troops to assist Haines was taken up by his deputy, Farish. Without the approval of the London government or the governor general in Calcutta, he sent 2 frigate and 700 men to Aden. Haines captured the port and presented with a fait accompli (something that has already happened, before those affected by it are made aware). |
| Despite being an entrepôt, why was Aden not as valuable? | Because, unlike other entrepôts (Eg Singapore and Hong Kong) Aden didn't sit on a crossroad of trade routes or have the presence of the Royal navy to boost trade. |
| Coal steamers didn't produce enough income to meet expenses, and Haines ran up a deficit of him much? | £28,000. |
| Aden's (economic) future was uncertain until what? | Until the opening of the Suez Canal (1869) made it a boom town, placing it on the main route to India. |
| Why was Aden position strategically? | Because it allowed the Royal navy to control what went in and out of the Red Sea, and guard the exit of the route opened by the Suez Canal. |
| Grant believed India could be protect by what? | By seizing 'places of strength' to protect the Indian Ocean. |
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