9329130
Description
Flashcards by Karima Ranieri, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Karima Ranieri
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Problems cause by the minority Edward VI? | - Create instability - Not able to lead troops to war - Foreign powers can exploit the potential weakness of a minor on the throne - Civil war in England - Factional struggles - Difficult to portray a 9 year old as militarily adept |
| What did the Third Succession Act in 1543 confirm? | - Henry VIII confirmed that if Edward died without heirs, the throne would pass to Mary and to her heirs, should Lady Mary die without heirs, then it would be passed on to Lady Elizabeth. |
| Who gained power when Henry VIII died, was it surprising? | - Somerset - Natural and unsurprising - Uncle of the king - Reputation of a successful soldier during Henry's wars in Scotland in the 1540s - Transferral was smooth as Henry's death was kept quiet until Somerset had possession of Edward. - Arguments against Henry's wish for a Regency Council of sixteen, as it would encourage factional struggle - However, the legality of Somerset's gain of power was questioned which challenged Somerset's dominance. |
| Who opposed Somerset and why? | - The personal style of Somerset's government caused resentment, and led to an anti-Somerset faction. - Warwick, Paget and Wriothesley. - Wriothesley: opposed the religious changes Somerset had brought in. - Warwick found opportunity in advancing his power. - And Paget wished to have been a key advisor to Somerset, which he had promised when the king died. |
| How did Somerset lose his power? | - As Somerset lost his hold on power, he retreated to Hampton Court, and on 5 October 1549, he summoned loyal subjects to defend him and the king. - 6 October, moved to Windsor castle, taking Edward with him. - Edward fell ill and complained of the cold surroundings. - Edward claimed he was a prisoner and abandoned Somerset. - Edward claimed that his uncle had threatened riots in the streets if he was removed from power. - Somerset denied this, but he could not contradict the king so his fate was sealed. - His removal and arrest followed within a week. |
| What did the removal of Somerset lead to? How did Warwick attain power? | - It did not immediately grant Warwick the triumph he desired. - Council contained a majority of religious conservatives who did not trust Warwick. - Warwick brought in his own allies and removed opponents so he had a Protestant majority. - December: rumours of a Catholic plot to remove Warwick. - January 1550, leading Catholic members were dismissed. - Warwick became Lord President of the council. |
| What happened when Earl of Warwick, Duke of Northumberland, was secure? | - Attempted a reconciliation with Somerset. - Somerset was released from jail, his goods restored and his daughter married Northumberland's son. - He was restored to court and the Privy council. - However, Somerset continued to plot which led to his execution 22 Janaury 1552. |
| When was Edward VI's health declining? | Early months of 1553 |
| Who seemed to be behind the altering of the Succession Acts and Henry's will in 1553? | - Northumberland - In order to preserve his power. - Further, arranged his son to marry Lady Jane Grey, soon after the change in will, which witnessed Lady Jane Grey as the successor rather than Mary. |
| What evidence shows that it was Edward himself who intended to alter the succession? | - Edward at this point, played a much greater role in government. - He attended Privy Council meetings and set some agendas. - Edward was committed to Protestantism, and therefore in order to preserve the religious reform, he wanted to exclude Catholic Mary. - Plot was poorly managed. - Mary was not captured, which meant she could raise forces and rebel. - In fact, Mary managed to escape to East Anglia and launched a propaganda campaign to prepare the nation for the change in succession. |
| What happened when Edward died? What did Mary do? | - Edward died on 6 July, but his death was kept quiet for two days. - Mary was quick to proclaim herself queen and sent letters to the Privy Council to inform them. - Mary made it clear that those who would oppose her were opposing the legitimate ruler. - It was in the countries interest to support the rightful ruler and avoid civil war. |
| What happened when Jane was proclaimed queen? | - Jane proclaimed queen on 10 July 1553 - Meanwhile, Mary proclaimed herself queen in East Anglia. - She asked the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, for help. - Mary raised a large force. - Most within Privy council declared for Mary to become queen. - Northumberland not only gained little support, but was also deserted by many. |
| Why did people fear that a female ruler would weaken the monarchy? | - A woman would be unable to control faction. - A woman would be unable to lead an army into battle. - A woman was expected to marry, but this meant they would be subservient to their husbands. |
| When did Mary announce she would marry Philip of Spain? What were the two views about this match? | - 27 October 1553. - Match would benefit England as Philip was powerful and would be able to protect Mary. - Match would drag England into the Habsburg wars that would bring the country no benefit. |
| When did rebellion break out? | - January 1554 - 6 months after the defeat of Lady Jane Grey - Female ruler = unrest - Thomas Wyatt involved - Wyatt rebellion |
| Who was Thomas Wyatt? | - A committed Protestant. - It was said that the rebellion was not concerned with marriage but rather religion. |
| Wyatt's rebellion How serious was the threat? | - 3000 men raised - Mary sent a royal force under Norfolk to confront the rebels, but instead they joined them. - Rebels finally stopped at Ludgate, where Wyatt surrendered. - Mary executed less than 100 of the commoners. - Rebellion did not stop the marriage and failed to end the dislike of Spaniards. |
| How did Mary's marriage affect political stability? | - After the marriage, Philip spent more time abroad than in the country. - Philip was therefore a distant confidant. - Not much impact on the country. |
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