Section 4 - Acids, Alkalis and Salts

ACIDS ALKALIS AND SALTS

INDICATORS:

BLUE Litmus indicator:

Acid - red

Neutral - blue

Alkaline - blue

RED Litmus indicator:

Acid - blue

Neutral - red

Alkaline - red

Phenolphthalein indicator:

Acid - colourless

Neutral - colourless

Alkaline - pink

Methyll Orange:

Acid - Red

Neutral - Orange

Alkaline - Yellow

SOLUBILITY OF SLATS IN WATER

Acid = H+

Alkaline = OH-

SOLUBLE

- Potassium, Sodium and Ammonium salts

- Nitrates

- Chlorides ( EXCEPT SLIVER CHLORIDE )

- Sulfates ( EXCEPT BARIUM AND SODIUM SULFATE )

INSOLUBLE

- Carbonates (EXCEPT SODIUM POTASSIUM AND AMMONIUM)

- Sliver Chloride

- Barium and Calcium Sulfate

METHODS OF MAKING SALTS

INSOLUBLE SALTS:

- Use PRECIPITATION METHOD

- Mix two solutions, with one containing a positive ion and one with a negative ion