Digestive System

Digestive System

1. The disgestive system takes in food, breaks it down into nutrient molecules, absorbs these molecules into the bloodstream, and then rida the body of the indisgestible remains.

   • Organs
     • Digestive canal
       • mouth
       • pharynx
       • esophagus
       • stomach
       • small and large intestines
     • Accessory organs
       • teeth
       • tongue
       • salivary glands
       • liver
       • gallbladder
       • pancreas

2. Digestive processes

   • ingestion
   • propulsion
   • mechanical breakdown
   • digestion
   • absorption
   • defecation
   • Funcional concepts
     • Controls the environment, ensure optimal conditions for digestion

3. Funcional anatomy

   • Mouth and associated organs
     • Chewing and mixing
   • Pharynx
     • move food towards the esophagus
   • Esophagus
     • Peristaltic waves and sphincters allow food to enter the stomach
   • The stomach
     • mucosa barrier
     • protein digestion by activate pepsin and HCl
     • mechanical breakdown
   • Small intestine and associated structures
     • major digestive and absorptive organ
     • three subdivicions: duodenum, jejunum and ileum
   • Large intestine
     • Subdivisions: cecum, colon, rectum and anal canal
     • the major funtions of the large intestine are absorption of water, some electrolytes, vitamins and defecation.