Metals

Metals

1. What are metals?

   • Chemical elements are organised in the periodic table where they are divided into twomain groups
     • Metals
       • They are made of the worthless material referred to as gangue
       • Various types of metals have been discovered around the world
     • Non-metals

2. Metals throughout the history

   • The contemporany age
     • Vanadium
     • Niobium
   • The modern age
     • Titanium
     • Molybdenum
     • Tungsten
     • Magnesium
   • The middle ages
     • Platinum
     • Chromium
   • Prehistory
     • The iron age
       • Aluminium
       • Mercury
       • Lead
       • Nickel
     • The bronce age
       • Tin
       • Zinc
     • The copper age
       • Gold
       • Cobalt
     • Neolithic
       • Iron
       • Silver
     • Mesothitic
       • Copper
     • Paleolithic
       • Manganese

3. Types of metals

   • Tungsten: 3422
   • Mollybdenum: 2623
   • Niobium:2477
   • Vanadium:1902
   • Chromium: 1857
   • Platinum:1768
   • Titanium
   • And more metals

4. Properties of metals

   • Metals are very dense
   • They are good heat and electricity conductors
   • They reflect light
   • All metals except mercury are solid at room temperature
   • Most metals are grey or whirish colour
   • They can be mixed with other metals and substancesto improve their propieties

5. Obtaining metals

   • Mining and metallurgy
     • The mining is the industry dedicated to extracting minerals
       • Several steps must be followedbefore the material can be used to make objets
         • 1 mineral extraction
         • 2Separating the ore and gangue to obtain metal ingots
         • 3 transforming the ingots intu useful pieces

6. The enviroments problemas

   • Mining spoils the landscapes
   • It alters the soil structure
   • Blasting produces dust and smoke pollution
   • Explosions and moving heavy machinery produce sound pollution
   • Some metals and refining process are toxic

7. Metalworking tools

   • Drilling tools
     • Drills
     • Drill bits
     • Punches
   • Filling tools
     • Grinders or emery grinders
     • Files