How does the brain learn?

How does the brain learn?

1. Cooperation in the Brain

   • Information is communicated via:
     • Axons, glial cells, the bloodstream, the immune system, and peptides (messenger molecules)

2. Each side of the brain processes things differently.

   • Left side processes information in sequence, and by using language and text representations.
   • Right side process information random, focused on a whole, and has a spatial context.

3. The brain learns when:

   • Input from senses or activated by memory/thinking
   • Information sent to thalamus
   • Information routed to appropriate cortical structure for processing
   • If the emergency stimulus, the amygdala responds
   • Hippocampus organizes, distributes, and connects memories with other areas for long-term storage.

4. Sensitive Periods in Brain Development

   • Developing Social and Emotional Skills
   • The Importance of Nutrition
   • The Dynamic Teenage Brain

5. The human brain has the ability to generate new brain cells. Therefore, has plasticity and the ability to be shaped by environment at any age.

   • Process Understanding Myelination:
     • Myelin insulates the axon so that the electrical impulse travels more efficiently
   • Brain chemicals are transmitted from the synapse but are dispersed to wide areas of the brain
     • Through a network of neurons, sensory information is transmitted by synapses

6. The Importance of Prior Knowledge and Mental Models

   • Mental models are coherent structures for understanding things.
   • The brain’s rhythms play a key role in understanding and influencing cognitive performance
   • experiential learning requiring children to move from the concrete to the abstract

7. The brain consists of three principle parts – stem, cerebellum and cerebrum

   • Each area of the cerebrum specializes in a function
     • Frontal lobe
       • Sense of information about the environment, memories and emotions
     • Occipital lobe
       • Visual information
     • Parietal lobe
       • Integrates sensory information and focused attention
     • Temporal lobe
       • Houses memories, emotions and language
     • Limbic system
       • It is in charge of regulating the physiological and emotional responses of our body
         • Responsible for motivation, emotions, learning and memory
   • The brain stores new information by linking it to patterns of related information already stored in neural circuits of existing memory.

8. The nervous system is the most complex structure in the human body

   • Divided into central nervous system (CNS) and system peripheral nervous
   • Is capable of generating all our behavior, and its basic structure are the neuron with the capacity of excitability and conductivity

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