Grammar

Grammar

1. Present

   • Simple present
     • Definition: We use the simple present to talk about things are always true.
       • Example: The sun sets in the west.
   • Present continuous
     • Definition: We use the present continuos to talk about actions that are happening now.
       • Example: I´m waiting for you at the bus stop.
   • Verbs
     • Action
       • Definition: We can use the simplre present and present continuous with the verbs that describe and action.
         • Example: I play soccer on Wendnesday evenings.
     • States
       • Definition: We usually use the simple present, not the present continuous, with the verbs which describe a state.
         • Example: She doesn´t like her new hair cut.
     • Feelings
       • Definition: Like, love, hate, want, prefer, need.
         • Example: Enjoy is used in the continuous tense: I´m enjoying the party.
     • Thoughts and opinions
       • Definition: Know, believe, remember, forget, understand, think, feel, consider, realize, expect, agree, suppose, doubt, mean.
     • Senses
       • Definition: Tate, sound, look, hear, smell.
     • States
       • Definition: Be, have (possess), exist, seem, appear, belong, own,matter.

2. Question form

   • Yes/No questions
     • Definition: To make a question with a Yes or No answer, we put the verb be or an auxiliary modal verb before the subject.
       • Example: Is he from the U.S.?
   • Object questions
     • Definition: In most wh- questions, the question word or phrase (who, what, how, many, what type of, etc) is the object of the verb.
       • Example: Where do you live?
   • Subject questions
     • Definition: In subject question, the question word asks about the subject.
       • Example: Who bought those flowers?
   • Questions with prepositions
     • Definition: When main verb needs a preposition (look for, talk to, wait for, come from, think about, etc.) we normally put the prepositions at the end of te question.
       • Example: What are you looking for?

3. Narrative tenses

   • Past perfect
     • Definition: We use the past perfect to describe an action that happened before another action in the past.
       • Example: I called James at this office, but he had already gone home.
   • Past continuous
     • Definition: We use the past continuous to describe the background events in narrative.
       • Example: One fall afternoon, i was sitting in the kitchen.
   • Simple past
     • Definition: We use the simple past to describe the main events in a narratve. These are completed actions in the past.
       • Example: Mike oppened the door and saw a package on the floor.