Development of Dictatorship: Germany 1918-1945

The establishment of the Weimar Republic and it's early problems
1. The German Revolution of 1918
  1. Sailors revolted after being given orders to engage in a last battle with the British
    1. Revolution spread to Berlin. The Kaiser abdicated and a socialist government under Friedrich Ebert was formed in August 1919
2. Armistice
  1. 11:00 am 11th November 1918
3. The Treaty of Versailles
  1. Signed on 28th June 1919
  2. Land
    1. Alsace-Lorriane was returned to France
    2. Upper Selesia
    3. Saar, Danzig, Memel
    4. Posen and Polish Corridor
  3. Army
    1. 100,000 soldiers
    2. 6 Navel ships
    3. No tanks, submarines or air force
    4. Rhine Land demilitarised
  4. Money
    1. Reparations of £6,600 million
      1. 132 million marks
    2. Austria alliance forbidden
  5. Blame
    1. Clause 231- War guilt
    2. Banned from the League of Nations
4. French occupation of the Ruhr
  1. In 1923 French and Belgium troops occupied the Ruhr when Germany couldn't pay reparations
    1. Left in August 1925
5. Hyperinflation
  1. From 1919 until 1923 the Mark became increasingly worthless
    1. In 1923 a new currency, the Rentenmark, was issued
6. The Spartacist Uprising
  1. On 2nd January 1919 a strike began in Berlin
    1. Communists (KPD) and the Spartacist League joined
      1. On 8th January Freikorps are called and gained control and end the uprising
7. The Kapp Putsch March 1920
  1. The Freikorps disband and Wolfgang Kapp and Walther von Lüttwitz tried to seize power in Berlin
8. The Munich Putsch
  1. On the 8/9th November 1923 the small Nazi party attempted a putsch
    1. Hitler was arrested and put in jail
9. The Dawes Plan 1924
  1. A committee led by Charles G. Dawes drew up a financial plan
    1. It called for the withdrawal of troops in the Ruhr, a reorganisation of the bank and rescheduling of reparation payments
10. Strengths of the new constitution
  1. It was Democratic
  2. There was Elected Reichstag and president
  3. Bill of Rights
    1. Every citizen (20+) a vote, freedom of speech, religion and equality
    2. Government gave welfare for the unemployed and protection for mothers and children
11. Weaknesses of the new constitution
  1. Article 48
  2. Proportional Representation
  3. Left too much power to the states
The recovery of Germany 1924-1929
1. Gustav Stresemann
  1. Serves as Foreign minister and Chancellor for six months
  2. After reconcillation with France in September 1926 Germany was accepted into the League of Nations
2. The Rentenmark
  1. The Rentenmark was a temporary currency and was replaced by the Reichsmark in August 1924
3. The Dawes Plan
  1. The main objective was to pay one billion marks in the first year, rising to two and a half billion marks after five years
    1. Huge loans were made by the USA
      1. After the Wall street crash in October 1929 American support and foreign investment were withdrawn
4. The Young Plan
  1. A new committee led by Owen D. Young was made in 1929
    1. It put an end to the uncertainty of money but was suspended after the Wall street crash
5. The League of Nations
  1. Proposed by US President Woodrow Wilson
  2. At its largest it had fifty-eight members
  3. Dissolved in 1946 and replaced by the United Nations
6. The Lorcano Treaties
  1. Foreign Ministers of leading countries met in Lorcano to fix the map of Europe
    1. Britain promised to come to aid of any country invaded
      1. The agreement was signed in London on 1st December 1925
7. The Kellogg-Briand Pact
  1. In 1928 an agreement to solve problems peacefully was signed by leading countries, including Germany, overseen by USA Frank B. Kellogg and France Astride Briand
The Rise of Hitler and the Nazis
1. The Munich Putsch 1923
2. The reorganisation of the party 1924-1928
3. Changes to the German workers party 1920-1922
4. Nazi methods to win support
5. The impact of the Wall street crash
6. January 1932-1933

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Development of Dictatorship: Germany 1918-1945

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	Created by Daniel Flowers over 8 years ago