Object Orientated Programming

Object Orientated Programming

1. Control Structures

   • Sequence
   • Conditional
   • Iterative

2. Structures

   • Statements
   • Blocks
   • Procedures
   • Functions/Sub

3. Features

   • Inheritance
     • Enables new objects to take on the properties of existing objects.enables new objects to take on the properties of existing objects
   • Encapsulation
     • The technical term for combining data and functions together as a bundle is encapsulation.
   • Polymorphism and overloading
     • Poly refers many. So Polymorphism as the name suggests is a certain item appearing in different forms or ways. That is making a function or operator to act in different forms depending on the place they are present is called Polymorphism
       • Overloading is a kind of polymorphism. In other words say for instance we know that +, – operate on integer data type and is used to perform arithmetic additions and subtractions. But operator overloading is one in which we define new operations to these operators and make them operate on different data types in other words overloading the existing functionality with new one.
   • Data hiding
     • The data is hidden inside the class by declaring it as private inside the class. When data or functions are defined as private it can be accessed only by the class in which it is defined
   • Reusability
     • This usage is achieved by the above explained terminology called as inheritance. Reusability is nothing but re- usage of structure without changing the existing one but adding new features or characteristics to it.

4. Structures

   • Classes
     • These contain data and functions bundled together under a unit. In other words class is a collection of similar objects.
   • Objects/Instances
     • objects are created from classes by subroutines called constructors, and destroyed by destructors.
       • An object is an instance of a class, and may be called a class instance or class object; instantiation is then also known as construction.