C1 Revision

C1 Revision

1. A mixture contaims two or more subtances thta have not reacted chemically with each other

   • a mixture is made of little bits of each subtance, that are put together
     • A mixture can be seperated by phisical methods

2. Seperating mixture

3. Filtration

   • Filtration can be used to separated from a solid to a liquid
     • This only works if the solid cannot dissolve in the liquid

4. Crystallisation

   • Separates solid that dish have dissolved(solutes) in a liquid(solvent)
   • Distillation
     • Seperates two liquids from each other
     • fractional distillation is where a mixture of multiple liquids can be seperated from each other
     • It could also be used to separate gases mixed together
     • It only works if the substances mixed together have different boiling points

5. Atomic number

   • Atomic number is how many protons are in a atom
   • Each element has same number of protons and will always have that number
   • Every atom has the same number of protons as electrons

6. Isotopes

   • An isotope is an element with a different number of neutrons
   • Isotopes react the same chemically
   • Have different melting points and density

7. Element and compounds

   • An element is a material with only one type of atom
   • An compound is two or more elements bounded togther

8. Periodic table

   • Groups are colums on the periodic table
   • Group number tells you the electron number on the outer shell
   • The period tells us how many shells are being up with electrons

9. Protons, neutrons and electrons

   • protons are +ve
   • electrons are -ve
   • neutrons have no charge

10. Groups

    • Group 1-Alkali metals
    • Group 7-halogens
    • Group 0-Nobel gases

11. Properties of metals

    • Strong
    • high melting points
    • Ductile
    • Good heat condutors
    • Good conductor of electricity
    • shiny- dosent react to oxygen or acid very easily

12. Group 0

    • Helium at the top of group 0 has the lowest density in the group
    • Group 0 contains non metal elements placed in the verticle column on the far right of the periodic table.The elements in group 0 are called the noble gases.They exist as single atoms.

13. Melting point:the tempreture when a solid becomes a liquid

    • Boiling point:the tempreture when a solid becomes a liquid or gas

14. Group 7

    • As you go down groups it gets denser which means less reactive
    • More reactive elements displace less reactive elements from their compounds

15. Nuclear charge

    • Nuclear charge increases,so the nuclear attraction on the outer shell are stronger electron shielding increases and outweighs the nuclear attraction

16. Mass number

    • protons have a mass of 1
    • neutrons have a mass of 1

17. The total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.