DESIGN, PROTOTYPING and CONSTRUCTION

DESIGN, PROTOTYPING and CONSTRUCTION

1. What is a prototype?

   • design fields
     • a small-scale model
   • Interaction Design
     • a series of screen sketches
     • a storyboard
     • a Powerpoint slide show

2. Why prototype?

   • Team members can communicate effectively
   • can test out ideas for yourself
   • It encourages reflection

3. Filtering Dimensions

   • Appearances
     • size
     • color
     • shape
   • Data
     • Data size
     • Data type
   • Functionality
     • system function
     • user's functionality needs
   • Interactivity
     • input behavior
     • output behavior,

4. Manifestation dimensions

   • Material
     • Medium (either medium or visible) used to form prototype
   • Resolution
     • :Level of detail or sophisticated of what being manifested
   • Scope
     • Range of what is covered to be manifest

5. What to prototype?

   • Technical issues
   • Work flow, task design
   • Difficult, controversial, critical areas

6. Low-fidelity Prototyping

   • Uses a medium which is unlike the final medium
   • quick, cheap and easily changed
   • Example
     • Storyboards
       • used with scenarios
       • a series of sketches showing how a user might progress through a task using the device
       • Used early in design
     • Sketching
       • important to low-fidelity prototyping
       • Don’t be inhibited about drawing ability
     • ‘Wizard-of-Oz’ prototyping
       • user thinks they are interacting with a computer, but a developer is responding to output rather than the system.
       • to understand users’ expectations

7. High-fidelity prototyping

   • looks more like the final system
   • can be developed by integrating existing hardware and software components

8. Compromises in prototyping

   • Horizontal
     • provide a wide range of functions, but with little detail
   • Vertical
     • provide a lot of detail for only a few functions

9. Conceptual design

   • an outline of what people can do with a product and what concepts are needed to understand and interact with it

10. Is there a suitable metaphor?

    • Three steps :
      • understand functionality
      • identify potential problem areas
      • generate metaphors

11. Considering interaction and interface types

    • Which interaction type?
      • How the user invokes actions
      • Instructing
      • conversing
      • manipulating or exploring
    • Do different interface types provide insight?
      • shareable
      • tangible
      • augmented reality

12. Concrete design

    • Many aspects to concrete design
      • Color
      • icons
    • User characteristics and context
      • cross-cultural design
      • Accessibility
    • Cultural website guidelines

13. Using scenarios

    • Express proposed or imagined situations
    • Used throughout design in various ways
      • as a basis for overall design
      • scripts for user evaluation of prototypes
      • concrete examples of tasks

14. Explore the user’s experience

    • Visual representation
      • design map
      • experience map
      • user journey map
    • Two common representations
      • timeline
      • wheel
    • Use personas, card-based prototypes or stickies to model the user experience

15. Construction: physical computing

    • Build and code prototypes using electronics
    • Toolkits available include
      • Arduino
      • LilyPad (for fabrics)
      • Senseboard
      • MaKey MaKey
    • Designed for use by wide range of people