Biodiversity

Description

Mind Map on Biodiversity, created by megan.daye4 on 11/11/2014.
megan.daye4
Mind Map by megan.daye4, updated more than 1 year ago
megan.daye4
Created by megan.daye4 over 10 years ago
8
0

Resource summary

Biodiversity
  1. Evolution
    1. The process by which new species are formed from pre-existing ones over very long periods of time.
      1. Charles Darwin
        1. Studied Finches on the Galapagos Islands
          1. Observations
            1. Individuals produce large numbers of offspring (overproduce) but the number of adults in a population remains constant from one generation to the next
        2. Adaptive radiation
          1. The emergence of new species from a common ancestor introduced into a new environment
          2. Charles Darwin suggested that evolution occured as a consequence of natural selection
            1. Natural selection
              1. The mechanism by which changes in species are brought about
                1. Suggests that organisms best adapted to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce
                  1. The successful genes are then passed on to the offspring
              2. Reasons for extinction
                1. Genetic bottleneck
                  1. An evolutionary event in which a significant proportion of a species dies and genetic diversity within the species is reduced
                  2. Competition between species
                    1. Competition for resources such as; food, land, territory and mates
                    2. Overhunting by humans
                      1. Deforestation or destruction of habitats
                      2. Spatially
                        1. Refers to geographical space. Some places have more biodiversity than others as you move from the poles toward the equator
                          1. The most biodiverse places are the rainforest and the coral reef
                        2. Classification
                          1. Kingdom. Phylum. Class. Order. Family. Genus. Species
                            1. Binomial names
                              1. Binomial names use an organisms Genus and then species
                                1. E.g Homo sapien
                                  1. Its useful as scientists all over the world can communicate easily
                              2. Biochemical Methods
                                1. Genetic fingerprinting/DNA profiling: using electrophoresis to see similarities in the base sequence/genes
                                  1. DNA Hybridization: Comparing how separated DNA strands of different species still bind together
                                  2. Convergent Evolution
                                    1. Where two organisms from different species look physicaly similar due to them evolving similar features
                                      1. E.g Hedgehog and porcupine
                                    Show full summary Hide full summary

                                    Similar

                                    5.3 Classification of Biodiversity
                                    Steve Harton
                                    Diversity & Variation Key Words
                                    Eleanor H
                                    BY2 Overview
                                    WKatie
                                    Biodiversity general questions
                                    libbystraw1
                                    Genetic Variation and Change
                                    Cameron Mayes
                                    Biodiversity key terms
                                    07setchfields
                                    AS-Level Biodiversity Under Threat Glossary
                                    Kieran C
                                    Bio Molecules Collage
                                    beccy.booster
                                    Sustainable Development
                                    stella.kalis
                                    Mind Map
                                    syaghi17
                                    Marine Biodiversity and Conservation
                                    Jo O'Bar