Mixtures

Mixtures

1. 2 or more pure substances

   • Homogeneous
     • fixed ratio components
   • Hetereogeneous
     • variable ratio of components

2. Separation techniques

   • seiving
     • 2 or more solids with different particle size
   • filtration
     • Insoluble solid mixed in liquid
   • sedimentation
     • insoluble solid mixed in liquid 
     • decanting
   • evaporation
     • Where there is a solid (solute) dissolved in liquid
   • fractional distillation
     • Mixture's of miscible liquids where bpt difference is less than 100 degrees celcius
   • centrifugation
     • Suspensions (solid distributed evenly throughout liquid)
   • magnetic separation
     • magnetic solids from non magnetic solids
   • paper chromotography
     • Solubility of liquids and adherence to paper
   • separating funnel
     • 2 or more immiscible liquids
   • ALL RELY ON DIFFERENT PROPERTIES
   • distillation
     • miscible liquids where difference in bpt  is more than 100 degrees celcius

3. Gravimetric Analysis

   • involves measuring mass
   • percentage composition
     • mass of substance/mass of the original sample x100
   • Its a form of quantitative analysis
   • Applications
     • mining
       • economically viable
     • pharmaceutical chemists