Structure of a Neuron

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Behavioural Neuroscience Mind Map on Structure of a Neuron, created by lynda_ashford_25 on 21/10/2013.
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Mind Map by lynda_ashford_25, updated more than 1 year ago
lynda_ashford_25
Created by lynda_ashford_25 over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Structure of a Neuron
  1. Cell body/soma- contains the nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria
    1. Nucleus- contains chromosomes
      1. Ribosomes- cell synthesizes new protein molecules
        1. Mitochondria- performs metabolic activities to provide energy
        2. Dendrites- branching fibers lined with synaptic receptors
          1. Dendritic spines- short outgrowths that increase surface area
          2. Axon- the fiber of constant diameter. Conveys an impulse towards other neurons, organs and muscles
            1. Myelin sheath- insulates the axon to speed up impulse
              1. Nodes of Ranvier- interruptions along the myelin sheath
            2. Presynaptic Terminal- branches at the end of an axon that swell at the tip. Point at which axon releases chemicals that cross the junction between neurons
              1. Apical dendrites- go up and down between
                1. Basal dendrites- go left and right withing

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